论政府环境民事责任

法律规定政府对环境质量负责意味着政府承担环境安全保障义务。政府违反这一义务不仅应承担行政责任,而且应承担民事责任,民事责任类型包括直接责任和补充责任。直接由于政府决策失误或不当的行政行为导致环境污染或破坏发生或加剧时,政府应该直接对受害者承担民事赔偿责任。若政府未尽安全保障义务,污染者造成公民人身或财产损害的,政府应当承担补充责任,即当污染者无力承担或者找不到责任人时由政府承担赔偿责任,尔后政府对污染者享有追偿权。

Research On Environmental Civil Liability of Government

The government should be responsible for the environmental quality,as the law prescribes,and that means the government should use all practicable means to assure the safety of environment.When violating the obligation,the government should not only bear administrative liability but also civil liability which includes direct liability and supplementary liability.If the environmental pollution or damage is caused or aggravated directly by the government's policy blunders or improper administrative actions,the government should bear civil liability directly.If the government doesn't fulfill the safety assuring obligations and polluters cause personal or property damage,the government should bear the supplementary liability,namely that the government should bear the liability when polluters can not afford or can not be found,and then obtains the recourse towards polluters.