“人的文学”与“平民文学”观的悖论与互补——生态文化学视野中的鲁迅林语堂学案

以生态文化学观点考察鲁迅林语堂学案，会发现：鲁迅与林语堂的反目实际上是五四“人的文学”与“平民文学”观的内在冲突与悖论，即精英启蒙思想与民主自由思想的内在冲突。它们有着历史的合理性和互补性，但是由于政治意识形态的原因，文学史对鲁迅与林语堂的文学观给予了高下与正误的判定。而鲁迅林语堂学案又是鲁迅与周作人“兄弟失和”事件的潜在延续和隐性表现，林语堂则充当了一个替代性的标靶。今天重提鲁迅与林语堂学案，力图放弃文学史写作中的一元政治意识形态标准，使文学研究的标准回到审美，回到和谐。

The Illogicality between Lu Xun and Lin Yutang from the Perspective of Eco-Cultural Studies

From the perspective of eco-cultural studies, the illogicality between Lu Xun and Lin Yutang actually is the conflict of the May 4th literary thoughts between "literature of enlightenment" and "literature of civilians". Both of them had reason to exist. But due to political ideology, literary history judged the two writers differently. This paper thinks that the illogicality between Lu Xun and Lin Yutang is the reflection of the conflict between Lu Xun and his brother Zhou Zuoren and Lin Yutang is a substitute of Zhou Zuoren. We explore the illogicality between Lu Xun and Lin Yutang, trying to abandon the unitary standard which is political ideology, and return to aesthetics and harmony.