德国的儒学情结

从18世纪起，德国思想界的沃尔夫、康德、黑格尔、谢林等都曾从不同的视角，以不同的价值取向评论介绍过中国文化和儒家思想；文化艺术界的歌德、席勒、海涅、黑塞、布莱希特等都倾情研究和赞赏中国文化。德国传教士与儒学传播的代表人物是莱布尼茨和卫礼贤。卫礼贤对于儒家思想的把握是多视角、全方位的，不同于一般的传教士和汉学家。黑格尔认为，“东方哲学是宗教哲学”，中国的哲学深深地影响了西方。福兰阁著作等身，最负盛名且穷其毕生精力的是五卷本《中国通史》。从18世纪至今，中国的古哲在德国文化中拥有了自己的地位。在目前德国，孔孟老庄等先秦哲学家的影响很大，《论语》的译本已有十几种，《老子》的译本有104种。有些《论语》译本还附有汉语文本、拼音、解释等。

The Confucian Complex in Germany

Since the 18th century, some famous philosophers in Germany such as Wolff, Kant, Hegel, Schelling etc. have commented upon and introduced Chinese Culture and Confucian thoughts from different perspectives and with different value orientations. Others from cultural and art circles such as Goethe, Schiller, Heine, Hesse and Brecht all spared no efforts to study and appreciate Chinese culture. The representatives of German missionaries and Confucian propagators were Leibniz and Wilhelm. Wilhelm＇s grasp of Confusion was all-round and comprehensive, different from other common missionaries and sinologists. Hegel thought that the eastern philosophy is religious philosophy and that Chinese philosophy had a profound influence on the west. Franke was an author with many works to his credit, among which the five-volume General History of China was the most famous and absorbed his lifetime energy. Since the 18th century, ancient Chinese philosophy has set its own position in German culture. Nowadays, pre-Qin philosophers such as Confucius, Mencius and Zhuang Zi still have great influence in Germany, There are dozens of versions of The Analects of Confucius and 104 versions of Lao Zi. Some versions of The Analects of Confucius have the original text, pinyin and explanations.