从生态批评视角解读谭恩美的《喜福会》

华裔美国文学主要关注华裔的生活和境况、身份属性的建构、中西文化冲突和融合等，对自然、生态和环境的描述不太明显。随着生态批评的发展，越来越多的学者关注到华裔美国文学作品中体现的生态思想。华裔美国作家谭恩美的处女作《喜福会》描绘了四位母亲和她们的女儿在中国和美国的生存状态、中美文化差异等问题，同时还独辟蹊径地彰显了其生态意识。从生态批评的角度来看，谭恩美的作品突显了其东方生态和谐思想，通过精神生态下人与自我关系的和谐书写，文化生态下人与人以及人与社会的关系的和谐书写强调了作家精神、文化和社会和谐的生态观。在中西文化交融的时代发展趋势下，人类在多元文化交流共存的基础上，必然能融合出一种人类精神发展的共同本质。

An Interpretation of Joy Luck Club from the Perspective of Eco-criticism

With a focus on Chinese Americans'' life and living conditions,establishment of identity,cultural conflicts and blending and the like,Chinese American literature pays less attention to the depiction of nature,ecology and environment.With the advancement of eco-criticism,more and more scholars pay attention to the eco-ideology in Chinese American literature.The maiden work of Chinese American writer Amy Tan "Joy Luck Club" not only depicts the living conditions of four mothers and their daughters in both China and the US,Sino-US cultural difference and so forth,but also reveals her eco-consciousness in a unique way.From the perspective of eco-criticism, "Joy Luck Club" reveals the writer''s eastern philosophy of harmonious ecology.Her ecological view of harmonious spirit,culture and society is shown in the novel''s depiction of harmonious relationship between man and oneself,man and man,man and the society.In times of cultural blending and exchange between the east and the west and the harmonious coexistence of different cultures,a common essence governing the development of human civilization will come into being.