卢卡奇现代性批判理论的双重路径及其理论意蕴

卢卡奇在《历史与阶级意识》中吸收了马克思商品拜物教的科学内涵，沿着以物化理论为核心的现代性批判和以资产阶级形而上学为对象的现代性批判两条路径，展开了对现代资本主义社会的批判。这种现代性批判路径既表明卢卡奇在一定程度上站在了马克思现代性批判的原则高度上，对现代资本主义社会进行了深刻批判，又可以看到卢卡奇深谙资本主义的社会现实，开启了西方马克思主义现代性批判的崭新路径。然而，卢卡奇的现代性批判理论又戴着“黑格尔眼镜”，使其从事的现代性批判无法摆脱形而上学的理论困境，依然没有达到马克思的原则性高度。

On the Dual Path of Lukács' Modernity Critique and its Theoretical Implication

In History and Class Consciousness,Lukács absorbed the scientific connotation of Marx''s commodity fetishism,and carried out Critique of capitalist society along the modern paths of modernization critique with the materialization theory as the core and of the modernity critique with the bourgeois metaphysics as the object.This critical path of modernity shows that Lukács is standing on the principle of Marx''s modernity criticism to a certain extent,profoundly criticizing modern capitalist society,and he has opened up a new path for the criticism of the modernity of Western Marxism.However,Lukács'' critical theory of modernity wears "Hegel''s glasses",and the criticism of modernity that he engages cannot escape the theoretical dilemma of metaphysics.He does not escape the philosophical direction of the dual separation of subject and object in modern philosophy.