绿色发展视野下技术观的文化转向

不同时代，科技发展水平、社会价值取向不同，具有不同技术观。工业文明时期的技术形式为“硬技术”，其特点表现为：构成机理的还原式、价值取向的功利性和社会评价的单向性，并在事实层面、本体论和知识论等方面造成了巨大的负面影响。生态文明下的软技术观立足于整体的自然与人的发展，在价值取向着眼于技术与社会文化的关联，其评价体系实现了预先分析与事后评估的结合。绿色发展视野下技术观的文化转型，一要转变技术至上观念，确立技术风险意识；二要肯定自然内在价值，实现生态觉醒；三要构建技术伦理规范，从“伦理缺场”转向“伦理决策”。

The Cultural Transforming of Technology View in Green Development Perspective

As an overview on the nature of technology,the technology view in different times varies with scientific and social development.The traditional form of technology which was characterized as reductionism,utilitarianism and determinism reflected the double effects of technology.The negative sides of technology have been recognized in the scene of theory and practices since 1970 s.With the rising of ecology culture,a new kind of technology view appears,which is a reflection of the ecological trend of social culture.Based on the harmonious relationship between nature and man,the new technology view has a new perspective on the social construction of technology,which focuses on the risks in the modern society.In the context of China's reform,it is important to change the traditional technology view,which involves the construction of risk awareness,ecological reasons and ethical principles in the context of culture.