北魏统一中原前十六国政权的汉化先声

北魏统一中原前十六国政权的汉化先声,是魏晋南北朝民族大融合的重要组成部分。在十六国前后135年间,匈奴、羯、氐、羌、鲜卑先后建立的诸胡族政权,通过民族族源上的寻根认同、政治制度上的华夷互化、统治思想上的德天相辅、经济领域中的以农为本、文化领域中的尊儒重教,推动本民族的汉化与封建化进程,并初步完成这一历史使命。十六国政权的汉化成就不仅为北魏统一中原奠定了基础,也为后来隋文帝统一天下,开创隋唐两代民族和睦国家强盛的新局面做出了贡献。十六国统治者大都是一些汉化颇深的胡族首领,他们步中原秦、汉、魏、晋历代汉族统治者之后尘,推行汉化和封建化新政。正是因为十六国胡族政权的汉化特征较为平淡,故这一段民族融合的重要史实很少引起后世史学家们的重视和注意。

The Indication of Chinesization on the Regime of 16 Countries before Northern Wei Unified China

Chinesization was an essential part of national mergence during Wei and Jin Dynasties and Southern and Northern Dynasties.During that 135 years,ethnic minorities such as Hun,Jie,Xianbei established their regimes in succession,and chinesization and federalization were achieved preliminarily through influence on each other in politics,agriculture-oriented in economic field,showing respect for Confucianism in culture and so on.The history and achievement of the 16th country chinesization and federalization not only lay a solid foundation for mergence of Chinese and ethnic minorities,and a social foundation for the federalization of politics,economy,but also contribute to the strong and prosperous Sui and Tang Dynasty.