情势变更原则本土化构建中的若干问题思考——对《合同法司法解释(二)》第26条的研究与实践评析

情势变更制度的构建需要在判例中进一步实现本土化。情势变更、不可抗力和商业风险三者不能完全割裂开来,不可抗力导致合同履行困难的情形下可以适用情势变更原则予以变更合同;合同对价关系障碍中情势变更原则的适用不能客观规则化,而需要保证法官的自由裁量权;政府行为一般情形下不能被认定为不可抗力。另外,在坚持情势变更条款适用须经审查程序的同时,要注意防范情势变更条款的隐性适用。法院在适用情势变更条款时需要遵循一定的程序并注意平衡当事人的损失。

A Discussion about the Issues Concerning the Construction of the Principle of Frustration of Purpose in China: Research and Comments on Practice about Item 26 of "Judicial Interpretation of Contract Law(2)"

The principle of frustration of purpose should be reconstructed by case in China.Frustration of purpose,force majeure and commercial risks can t be completely separated,and force majeure which caused contract performance difficult can be applied to the principle of frustration of purpose to change contract.The application of the principle of frustration of purpose in the obstacle relationship of the price in contract can t be objective rules,and the judges discretion should be ensured.The government behavior normally cannot be identified as force majeure.In addition,it should adhere to the examination procedure when the principle of frustration of purpose has been applied.At the same time,the recessive application of frustration of purpose should be prevented.The court in the application of frustration of purpose should follow the suitable programs and pay attention to balance the loss of both clients.