20世纪前期中国乡村发展的弱势地位探析——以江苏城乡关系为考察视角

中国近代,城乡联系不断加强,矛盾也随之加剧.城市攫取着乡村政治、经济、文化资源,却对农村的助推乏力.到20世纪前期,城乡关系失衡,一边是现代化程度日益增强的大城市,另一边是贫困落后的广大乡村.乡村在与城市的产品交易中地位下降,租税负担沉重,资金、青壮劳动力、社会精英纷纷流向城市,社会话语权渐失,乡村处于弱势地位,在江苏地区表现明显.这成为当时乡村群体性事件频发的结构性紧张因素之一.

On the Inferior Position of China＇s Rural Development in Early 20th Century——From the Perspective of the Relationship between Urban and Rural Areas of Jiangsu

The closer relationship between urban and rural areas in modern China is accompanied with more differences. The cities control the political, economic, cultural resources of the countryside, but offer little help to them in return. The balance between them was broken in the early 20^th century, when the urban areas were modernized, leaving their counterpart less developed. The countryside suffers from the decline of status, and heavy taxes in trading with the city, the outflow of capital, young workers, and social elite, the loss of the right of social discourse. All these result in the inferior position of the countryside, which is obvious in Jiangsu area, as one of the structural strain factors for the frequent mass incidents in the rural area.