互联网影响公共政策制定的初步分析

互联网作为一种新型的传播媒介为公众参与政治提供了一种非常方便和有效的手段和途径,为进一步扩大政治民主、实现普遍民主提供了更大的可能性。随着互联网的逐步普及和公众的触网率的提高,它的作用也因而直接影响到公共政策制定程序的每一个环节,使公共政策制定更趋于理性。互联网所具有的即时性、互动性,快速的舆论聚集和放大效应等特点,使小范围的社会问题在短时间内得到广泛传播,由此形成的舆论压力能够促使政策问题尽快得到相关政府部门的确认、加速政策议程的建立、拓宽政策方案的选择空间和及时调整和改变政策。在这一过程中,互联网是通过五条路径以及三个机制即舆论倍增机制、互动机制和整合机制而对公共政策的制定施加影响的。

A Preliminary Analysis of the Influence of the Internet on Public Policy Making

As a new type of communications media,the Internet provides a very convenient and effective approach for political participation.It would also provide more chances for enlarging the political democracy and realizing the total democracy in society.As the Internet popularizes gradually and more and more people can use the Internet,the role the Internet plays will therefore affect every link in the procedure of the public policy making,and then the public policy making will tend to be more rational.The advantages of the Internet,such as instantaneity and interaction and so on,make small-scale social problems transmitted quickly.The press caused by the public opinions will force the government confirm the problem,speed up the agenda,widen the space of policy choice,and change the policy timely.There are five ways and three mechanisms which the Internet can influence the public policy making during the course.