论诗歌的翻译标准“传神达意”——以汪榕培译《枫桥夜泊》为例

人们普遍认为诗歌不可译,或者说无法再现原作的原姿原貌。翻译家汪榕培先后将《诗经》、《老子》、《易经》、《邯郸记》、《陶渊明集》、《墨子》等翻译成英语,并赢得了普遍认可。汪榕培在翻译实践中一直遵守＂传神达意＂的翻译标准。结合汪榕培翻译的《枫桥夜泊》,从＂传神＂和＂达意＂两个方面,与《枫桥夜泊》的其他几个英文译本进行比较分析。结果表明,汪榕培翻译的《枫桥夜泊》更能做到＂形神兼备＂,即＂传神地达意＂。进一步分析＂传神＂与＂达意＂的关系,并指出＂传神达意＂是较好的诗歌翻译标准。

Standards of Translating Poetry: Conveying Spirits and Sense of the Original——A Case Study of "Maple Bridge Night Mooring" Translated by Wang Rongpei

It is widely acknowledged that poetry could not be translated into other languages,or more exactly,impossible to be completely conveyed the sense and spirits of the source poems. However,the noted Wang Rongpei,an eminent translator,has translated Chinese classics,for instance,＂The Book of Poetry＂ ,＂Tao Te Ching＂ ,＂The Book of Change＂ ,＂The Handan Dream＂ ,＂The Complete Works of Tao Yuanming＂,＂Mozi＂ ,etc,into English,which win general acceptance. Wang Rongpei has translated all of these works by adhering to the translation principle ＂Conveying spirits and sense of the original＂. ＂Maple Bridge Night Mooring＂ translated by Wang Rongpei is compared with some other versions with respect to ＂conveying spirits＂ and ＂conveying sense＂. The results show that Wang＇s version is better in terms of translating the ＂spirits and sense＂ of the original. Besides,the relation between ＂ conveying spirits＂ and ＂conveying sense＂ is examined. In the end,this paper concludes that the standard stands out as to rendering poetry.