20世纪五六十年代中国重型机械技术发展初探

20世纪五六十年代,中国优先发展重工业和国防工业,重型机械制造业随之成为发展迅速的新兴产业。一系列举措促使重型机械技术的发展经历了从修配、仿制、自主研发重大产品的三个阶段。苏联援助、自力更生和“三线建设”等若干因素影响重型机械的技术发展。在此期间,国家强有力的政策指向、薄弱的工业基础、较强的技术引进和消化吸收的能力,决定了中国重型机械技术发展所走的道路。

China's Technical Development of Heavy Machines (in the 1950s-60s)

In the 1950s and 1960s,the Chinese government pursued a strategy of giving priority to the development of heavy industry and defense enterprises,and meanwhile the heavy machine industry was developing quickly.Technical development in heavy machines went through three stages: from making repairs and supplying replacements to introducing technology and to the independent research and development.Some factors impacted its technical development such as the Soviet Union's assistance,self-dependence and the third-front construction.Impelling policies,weak industrial infrastructure,and the capability to assimilate external technology determined the process.