多元化纠纷解决机制下审判权力的配置——以日本为视角

一个国家的审判权力配置是受社会、政治、经济等多种因素影响。从日本古代、近代以及战后审判权力配置的演变过程可知，日本一方面通过替代性纠纷解决机制（ADR）以解决审判带来的弊端，实现繁简分流，另一方面改革了传统的民事审判权力配置，使大量的家庭纠纷案件和小额纠纷案件得以向专门法院或专门程序分流，缓解了法院的诉讼压力，这对优化民事审判权力配置、促进诉讼效率的提高具有积极的意义。

Research on the Trial Power Disposition under the Pluralistic Dispute Resolution Mechanism --From a Visual Angle of Japan

Various factors such as social, political and economic factors have a great influence on a country＇s trial power disposition. From the evolution of trial power disposition of ancient, modern and postwar Japan, we can fig- ure out there are two advantages of trial power dispositions in japan. On the one hand, many trial disadvantages are solved through alternative dispute mechanisms （ADR） which can improve the litigation efficiency according to the division of complicated and simple cases. On the other hand, Japan reforms the traditional civil trial power disposi- tion. So a lot of family dispute cases and small claims cases can be sent to specialized court or through the special- ized procedure to solve problems. This reform has relieved the litigation pressure of the courts. It has positive sig- nificance for optimizing civil trial power disposition and improving the litigation efficiency.