中西学战与晚清士人边缘化略论

士在传统社会为四民之首。西潮冲击下,晚清士人为御侮求强,以“中体西用”为核心与西方进行了广泛的学战,最终却走入中学不能为体,西学不能为用的困境。从思想史的社会学意义上讲,学战是晚清士人再造新的社会中心的努力,但随着学战的失败,却促成了士阶层自身的边缘化。

The "Cultural War" Between China and the West and the Scholars' Marginalization in Late Qing Dvnasty

The scholars were the first among the four social strata in feudal China. In search for wealth and power, they launched a "cultural war "between China and the west under the impact of the west. They advocated the doctrine of "Chinese learning as fundamental principle and western learning for practical use". At last, the cultural policies greatly changed, Chinese learning couldn't be as a fundamental principle and the western learning couldn't be for practical use. Based on the sociology, "cultural war" was rebuilding society . That the "cultural war" failed made the scholars themselves marginalizated.