试论“人民性”与民间文学的研究(1945—1952)

延安的民间文学与五四以来的民间文学不同,它是毛泽东《新民主主义论》和《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》精神的展开。新中国成立后,延安的民间文学传统在全国文艺界推广和发展。民间文艺家赵景深、蒋祖怡等将“民间文学”等同于“人民文学”,遭到批驳。围绕“人民文学”的“人民性”学界展开了论战,最后,以建设“新民主主义文学”为目标,一度遭到颠覆的传统文学地位略有回升,民间文学与传统文学共同分有“人民性”的特质,达成了和解。

On the Affinity to the People and the Research on Folklore

The folklores in the period of Yan'an is different from those after the May 4th Movement (1919), which are the products of Mao Zedong's works On New Democracy and The Speech at the Literature and Arts Colloquium in Yan'an. Since the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, the folklores of Yan'an have been spread and developed in literary and art circles throughout the country. The famous folk artists Zhao Jingshen and Jiang Zuyi have been criticized for regarding folklore as people's literature. Then, there are some heat discussions around affinity to the people of people's literature in literary and art circles. At last, in the course of developing the literature of new democracy, the status of the traditional literature has been a little bit promoted, and folklore and traditional literature share the same character of affinity to the people and become reconciled.