我国台湾地区社改运动与内地社区再造的制度分析

受再造理论的影响,我国台湾地区的社改运动推进了社区制度的诱致性变迁,取得了良好的制度绩效.在这一诱致性变迁中,社区公众是推动社区制度变迁的行动主体,政府是社区制度变迁的利益诱导者.台湾地区社改运动的制度变迁路径为内地的社区建设提供了启示.当前内地的社区建设面临着制度需求与供给的非均衡性以及路径偏差等制度困境,推进社区再造、构建和谐社区是突破社区建设制度困境的根本路径.社区再造必须坚持顾客导向等原则,遵循社区问题诊断与绩效评估等基本程序,促进社区治理的理念创新,推进社区形象再造、社区公民再造、社区流程再造和社区制度再造,以此实现社区的和谐与发展.

Institutional Analysis of the Movement of Community Reengineering in Taiwan and the Construction of Community in the Mainland

The theory of reengineering has provided some enlightenment for the construction of our country's community organizations.It can be a reference to the construction of community in the Mainland.Community reengineering is a reformatory course of taking space and time information as the basic consideration,reinventing community image by the roots,cultivating community consciousness,rebuilding community organizational process,improving community performance,and promoting harmonious community development.The movement of community reengineering in Taiwan has advanced the induced change of community institution.The main elements affecting the induced change of community institution are institutional environment,the main body of community action and the benefit inducers.Among them,community's publics are the main body of pushing community institutional change,and the government is the benefit inducer of community institutional change.Measuring the performance indicators in the aspects of community philosophy,community human resources,community function and community public service,the change of community institution in Taiwan has achieved good performance.The path of institutional change in Taiwan's community reengineering movement provides enlightenment for the construction of communities in the Mainland,including paying equal attention to the city community and the urban community,taking community civics as the main body in reengineering,taking the reengineering of community culture as the forerunner,and so on.Currently,there are many institutional dilemmas in the construction of community in the Mainland,such as the disequilibrium of supply and demand,the absence of community image and social capital,the irrationality of community organizational process and the conflicts between institution and function in community organizations.Advancing community reengineering is a radical path of breaching the dilemmas in community construction.The basic aim of community reengineering is to construct a harmonious community. A harmonious community has three basic characteristics,which are multi-dimensional coexistence,interactive intergrowth and peaceful coexistence.Community reengineering must persist in customer-oriented principles,conform to the four basic procedures of diagnosing community questions,planning reengineering strategies,implementing reengineering plans and evaluating reengineering performance.We must promote the idea of innovation,push the reengineering of community image,community civics,community process and social institution,and gradually increase the positive institutional motivation through planning and choosing suitable paths in community reengineering.