基于生态位的企业演化机理探析

企业生态位是一种基于企业与环境互动的客观存在,它描述了企业与环境互动所形成的一种共存均衡状态.企业演化的实质是处于环境中的企业从一种状态向另一种状态的变化,这种状态的变化是由企业与环境之间的互动而产生的.企业的演化过程与企业生态位的形成过程存在着一致性,这两个过程从不同角度对企业与环境的关系进行了解释,可以说是同一事物的两个方面.运用生态位分析框架对企业演化进行研究,首先需要寻找出企业和生态位环境的构成要素,然后建立相应的匹配模型,最后根据匹配模型进行企业分析,并由此对企业演化进行解释.

On Organization Evolution Mechanics Basing on Organization Niche

Organization niche is an object state of equilibrium in which a business organization is finding itself coexisting harmoniously with the environment.It occurs during the course of organization change from one state to another,involving two aspects.One is the macro-ecologic interaction at the ecological level which is the terminal of environment,and the environment in consistence with these interactions.The other is that the corporate starts from this point to influence the outside.It is the place where corporate interacts with the environment.The nature of organization evolution is to adapt to the organization niche.They are two sides of a coin which describe the relationship between organization and environment from different perspectives.Using organization niche framework to make a research on the organization evolution,the first thing is to find their elements,then to construct the matching model,and then to analyze organization behaviors,and conclude the evolution rules and characters.A business organization is a kind of biopolymer,which is based on resource substantially and corporate culture morally.Organization niche factors can be classified into four types: demand,resources,technology and system.An organization niche match model should be designed according to the nature of corporate and the characteristic of organization niche factors.There are six basic factors: internal resources,culture,external resources,demand,technology and system.They comprise an interaction and network relationship on two levels.The first level describes the process of organization evolution,and the three evolution forms: organization internal micro level,organization level,environment level.The second one describes the restrictive and catalytic forces during evolution,and explains the profound reasons for organization evolution.In order to use the theory of ecology evolution model in the research of organization evolution,we need to find the business organization and its niche environment elements,build organization niche match model,analyze organization behavior accordingly,and make a proper interpretation of its organization evolution.