儿童同伴关系的聚类分析

采用聚类分析的方法，对244名小学四、五、六年级学生进行分类研究，结果发现：（1）根据同伴关系的多个指标可以将儿童分为自我知觉型、良好型、同伴拒绝型、友谊质量型和同伴忽视型五种类型；（2）自我知觉型儿童在社交自我知觉上得分很高；良好型儿童在负向提名上得分低，在其他指标上得分较高；同伴拒绝型儿童在负向提名上得分很高；友谊质量型儿童在友谊质量上得分较高；同伴忽视型儿童在同伴关系各指标上得分都很低；（3）不同类型的儿童的孤独感和社会关系网络存在差异；（4）与“两维五组”模型相比，聚类分析能进一步区分儿童小群体内部的差异。

The Classification of Peer Relationships Using K-Means Clustering Method

In the research, we used the tool of K-means clustering method to classify 244 students select2 ed from grade 4 to grade 6. The results showed ： （ 1 ） According to peer relationships indications, the children could be classified into five types： the self-perceived, the positive, the peer rejected, the good-friendship and the peer neglected; （2） The self-perceived children have high scores in self-perceived social competence, the positive children have high scores in all peer relationships indications except the nomination of liked least, the peer rejected children have high scores in the nomination of liked least, the good-friendship children have high scores in friendship quality, and the peer neglected children have low scores in all peer relationships indications; （3） Great differences can be found among five types of children on loneliness and social relationship network; （4） Clustering analysis can further distinguish the internal differences of the small groups of children.