从张家山汉律说汉初列侯的政治经济权益

西汉初年最高统治阶级为了扩充自己的社会基础,力图重建金字塔式的社会等级结构,并将此置于法律的保护之下。汉初列侯利用政治权势广占田宅,享有免服役特权,拥有多种剥削收入,并在身份、礼法、丧葬、称谓上具有特殊的地位。从张家山汉律我们可以窥见汉初法律的阶级本质,也可窥见汉律中注重阶级这一中国古代法律本质特征的存在。

A Glimpse of the Political and Economic Rights and Interests of the Noblemen of Early Han as Revealed by Bamboo Slips of Zhangjiashan

In the early Han Dynasty,the highest ruling class attempted to rebuild the pyramidal social class structure and put it under the protection of the law in order to strengthen their social foundations.The noblemen took advantage of their political power to seize land and houses,enjoyed privileges of exemption from military service,gained all kinds of income through exploitation,and claimed special status in identity,rites,funeral and titles.From the laws written on the bamboo slips discovered at Zhangjiashan tombs,we could obtain a glimpse of the class nature of the law system of Early Han,and its emphasis on class distinctions,which presented as the essential feature of the law in ancient China.