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性别人力资本理论
引用本文:潘锦棠.性别人力资本理论[J].中国人民大学学报,2003(3).
作者姓名:潘锦棠
作者单位:中国人民大学劳动人事学院 北京100872
摘    要:以舒尔茨和贝克尔为代表的人力资本理论难以解释关于人力资本投资的性别差异 ,比如 :人力资本投资为什么向男性倾斜 ?人力资本投资额相同 (比如学历相同 )的劳动者 ,为什么男性的工薪收入一般高于女性 ?为什么在不同行业、不同职业中男女两性的投资回报有所不同 ?从传统工业社会到现代工业社会 ,男女两性的就业率和工薪收入为什么在不断接近 ?究其原因 ,是因为传统人力资本理论缺乏对人力资本“投资对象”和“投资环境”的研究。性别人力资本理论对上述问题的回答是 :人力资本投资之所以向男性倾斜 ,是因为在目前“人力环境”中男性比女性更有投资价值 ;男性工薪收入高于教育投资相同 (学历相同 )的女性是因为存在“性别租金” ;男女两性相对投资价值的变化是因为“人力环境”的变化。

关 键 词:性别人力资本  人力资本投资对象  人力环境  性别租金

Human Capital Theory of Gender
PAN Jin,tang.Human Capital Theory of Gender[J].Journal of Renmin University of China,2003(3).
Authors:PAN Jin  tang
Abstract:The traditional Human Capital Theory represented by Schulz and Beker is difficult to explain the gender difference in human capital investment. For example, why does human capital invest more in man than in women? Why do women tend to earn less than man within the same educational category? Why does the earning gap between man and women vary from occupation to occupation? Why are the gap and the returning of the human capital investment between man and women narrowing in the process from early industry society to modern industry society? The traditional Human Capital Theory is inobservant of "the Object of Human Capital Investment" and "the Environment of Human Capital Investment". The Human Capital Theory of Gender explains the reason why human capital invest in man more than in women is the return of the investment of man is higher than that of women, why the earnings of man is higher is "gender rent", and why the gap of human capital investment is narrowing is the change of the "Working Environment".
Keywords:human capital of gender  the object of human capital investment  the environment of human capital investment  gender rent  
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