德语空间性状形容词的时间映射特质研究

基于认知隐喻理论，选择德语中14个表征空间性状的形容词，探究其时间映射特质。研究发现:长/短、大/小、远/近、高、深可表征时间，其余则无法表征时间。具体特质如下:存在“一维＞二维＞三维”映射维度等级；存在“长短＞远近＞高深/大小”映射宽幅等级；正向形容词比负向更易表征时间。这种映射特质主要与时空相似性、认知思维及隐喻操作有关。

The Temporal Mapping Characteristics of German Spatial Character Adjective

Based on the theory of cognitive metaphors, the paper takes fourteen dimensional adjectives that characterize spatial traits in German and explores their temporal mapping characteristics. It comes to the finding, only long/short, large/small, far/ near, high and deep have the temporal mapping characteristics. To be specific, firstly, the temporal mapping is subject to dimensional constraints, in the hierarchy of one-dimension, two-dimension, three-dimension; secondly, there is a mapping width in the hierarchy of long/short, far/near, high, deep, large, small; thirdly, the dimensional adjectives in positive meaning have more temporal mapping possibility than those in negative meaning. The above temporal mapping is mainly motivated by content relevance, metaphorical thinking and cognitive preferences of the human space-time conception.