我国雾霾的区域差异及与经济增长的脱钩分析

中国经济发展的区域异质性明显，在生态文明建设和可持续发展的背景下，探究雾霾污染的区域差异及与经济增长的关系有重要意义。文章结合Dagum基尼系数和Tapio模型，研究了中国2015—2020年雾霾浓度的区域差异及其与经济增长的脱钩情况。研究发现，各大经济区PM2.5浓度均处于明显的下降趋势，且呈现出“北高南低，东高西低”的特点，季节性变化呈现出“冬高夏低”的特点；PM2.5浓度总体区域差异有扩大的趋势，区域间差异是总体区域差异的主要来源，西北综合经济区的区域内差异扩大趋势明显，长江中游综合经济区的区域内差异缩小趋势明显，黄河中游、长江中游经济区与其他经济区的区域间差距扩大趋势明显；大多数地区雾霾浓度与经济增长之间的脱钩关系都表现为强脱钩状态，但脱钩状态不具有持续性，脱钩稳定性较差。

Regional Differences of Haze Pollution in China and Its Decoupling from Economic Growth

The regional heterogeneity of China's economic development is obvious. Under the background of ecological civilization construction and sustainable development, it is of great significance to explore regional differences of haze pollution and its relationship with economic growth. Based on Dagum Gini coefficient and Tapio model, this paper studies regional differences of haze concentration and its decoupling from economic growth in China from 2015 to 2020. The results show that: 1) The PM2.5 concentration in economic zones shows an obvious downward trend, with characteristics of "higher in the north and lower in the south, and higher in the east and lower in the west", while the seasonal change with characteristics of "higher in winter and lower in summer". 2) The regional differences of overall PM2.5 concentration tend to expand as the inter-regional difference is the main source of overall regional difference. The regional differences in the Southwest economic zone have an obvious expanding trend, the regional differences in the Middle Yangtze River economic zone have an obvious narrowing trend, and the gap between the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, and other economic zones is still expanding significantly. 3) The decoupling relationship between haze concentration and economic growth in most areas shows a strong decoupling state, but the decoupling state is not sustainable and the decoupling stability is poor.