论"以意逆志"的理论阐释、实践操作及问题

“以意逆志”由先秦的《诗》学方法论,逐渐演变成后来的经学方法论以及文学批评方法论。历来对“以意逆志”的理论阐释及实践操作聚讼纷纭。究其实质不外论及读者、文本、作者三者关系时因侧重点有异而认识不同。正确处理读者、文本、作者三者关系无疑是认识“以意逆志”的基本前提。“以意逆志”是一个历史范畴,不同时期不同读者“以意逆志”的结果自然存在差异,以今律古、以古律今或以己律他的做法均有失公允。

On the Theory, Practice and Question of "by the Meaning against the Will"

As a study methodology to the Poetry in the pre-Qin,"by the meaning against the will" gradually evolved into a study methodology of confucian classics as well as a literary criticism methodology.Scholars always had different opinions on the theoretical explanations and practical operations of "by the meaning against the will".Boiled down to its essence,it refers to the relations of reader,text,and author because of the different views from different focuses.It is undoubtedly the basic premise to understand "by the meaning against the will" to correctly handle the relations of reader,text and author."By the meaning against the will" is a historical category.The result of "by the meaning against the will" is different due to different times and different readers.By now ruling ancient,by ancient ruling now,or by own viewpoint ruling others' viewpoints are neither fair.