无为还是有为——汉初政治之实证分析

无为政治的实施有两种前提,一是客观条件迫使无为,二是可为可不为而无为,前者乃环境压力下的唯一出路,后者则系施政者治国方略选项之一,因而是真正的无为。以此为标准考察汉初政治,可以发现:一、在可为可不为前提下,汉初选择了有为;二、某些方面一定程度无为,系受客观条件制约,非无为,是不能。据此,结论是汉初政治并非真正无为。

Nothing to do or Something to do——A Positive Analysis on Early Han's Political Actions

The practice of inaction government is under two circumstances, one is only way due to the object factors, the other is a choice taken by the governing class on their own initiative. The latter is real inaction and the former is not. Surveying the early Han's political by the standards above, we find that, (A) Theearly Han took the measures of something-to-do under the circumstances which can take either action or inaction,(B)The early Han carried out nothing-to-do policy to a certain extent under the object pressure in some respects. And so we believe that the early Han's political is not inaction in truth.