地理信息系统在地质领域中的应用

地理信息系统（GIS）是信息技术和信息产业发展的产物，是一项发展迅猛的高新技术，它的应用已经渗透到有关空间信息的各个领域。随着信息技术的发展，GIS逐渐地向WebGIS系统、ComGIS系统、OpenGIS系统、时态GIS系统、虚拟GIS系统、三维GIS系统以及3S集成等方向发展。在地质领域中，GIS主要在地质制图、地质灾害的预测、石油勘探资料的管理、矿产资源的预测等方面得到了广泛的应用。GIS技术的发展使得GIS在地学中的应用不断深入、领域也更加广泛；但由于专家知识的不可忽视性，在开发GIS系统的基础上需要考虑专家系统，这也正是地质领域研究的未来发展方向。

THE APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN GEOLOGY

Geographic Information System (GIS) results from the development of information technology and information industry,and is a science and technology that develops rapidly in recent years.It has been used in the whole field with respect to spatial information.With the development of the information technology,GIS will gradually trend to WebGIS,ComGIS,OpenGIS,Temporal GIS,Virtual GIS,3D GIS and 3S Integration.In geology field,GIS is broadly used in some fields such as mapplotting,geological disasterforecasting,management of petroleum exploring data and forecasting and assessment of mineral resources and so on.The development of GIS technology makes the application of GIS in geology further and broader,but because of the indelibility of expert knowledge,the expert system need to be considered on the basis of GIS development,which is the development direction of geology field.