论前见

传统解释学主张克服前见以达到对文本的绝对把握,哲学解释学把前见看作理解的本体论处境,是理解得以可能的本体论条件,前见是无法超越的。这两种观点都有片面性。人首先属于历史,同时历史又是属于人的历史。在本体论意义上,一切理解都是从前见出发的理解,是无法超越的;在方法论意义上,一切理解又都是不断超越前见的理解,前见又都是可以并且应该被超越的。对前见本身应当保持自觉的解释学意识,我们应该认识到理解的相对性与绝对性、多样性与统一性,以及理解的可能性、局限性、派生性等等。前见决定了理解的相对性,同时又决定了理解的绝对性,理解是相对性与绝对性的辩证统一。

On Philosophical Prejudice

Traditional hermeneutics upholds the elimination of prejudice to achieve absolute understanding of text meaning while philosophical hermeneutics views prejudice as an unsurpassable ontological context that makes understanding possible.These two viewpoints are biased.Human beings,first and foremost,exist in history,while history is one of human beings.Ontologically speaking,all understanding comes out of the previous thoughts,and,in terms of methodology,all the previous thoughts might be and should be surpassed.As for prejudice,we should keep a hermeneutic consciousness while keeping in mind the traits of understanding such as relativity,absoluteness,diversity,unity,accessibility,limitedness,derivativeness,and so on.Prejudice determines the relativity and absoluteness of understanding,which is a didactic unity of the two.