全要素生产率,技术效率,技术进步之间的关系及测算

本文研究了全要素生产率、技术进步、技术效率之间的关系。在乔根森测量全要素生产率的方法中,证明了体现在投入要素中的技术进步可以通过投入要素的数量指数和质量指数反映出来,而未体现的技术进步就是全要素生产率的增长率;根据全要素生产率和技术效率的定义及内涵,证明了一个样本点的全要素生产率的变化,可以分解为该样本点技术效率的变化和样本内前沿面上的经济单位的未体现的技术进步,而同一时间上样本点同前沿面点的全要素生产率的差距就是技术效率的差距;讨论了技术效率、全要素生产率同国际竞争力之间的关系。

Relations and Measurements of TFP, Technological Efficiency, and Technological Advances

This paper mainly deals with the relations between total factor productivity (TFP), technological efficiency and technological advances. Dale W. Jorgenson' s TFP measuring method indicates that technological advances embodied in input factors may be revealed in their quantity index and quality index, while the unembodied technological advance is the growth rate of TFP. So the article declares that the change of TFP may be decomposed into technological efficiency change and unembodied technological advances. Moreover, it discusses how to improve the competitiveness of enterprises of developing countries in the international market.