印度古代哲学中的“一”与“多”

＂一＂与＂多＂的观念在印度远古圣典及后来的主要哲学流派中都有表现。佛教、婆罗门教、耆那教和顺世论的理论中都展示了这方面的思想。这种观念有几个主要的类型。有的认为只有＂一＂实在,有的认为＂一＂与＂多＂都不实在,有的否定惟一的＂一＂,肯定＂多＂,等等。它们与各派的基本理论倾向直接相关,也与古印度的政治及社会历史背景有重要联系。

The Concepts of "One" and "Many" in Ancient Indian Philosophy

The concepts of "one" and "many" were presented in ancient Indian sutras and later also in the theories of main philosophical schools,like Buddhism,Brahmanism,Jainism and Lokayata.There are several major types of such concepts.Some hold that only "one" is real;some hold that neither "one" nor "many" are real;some deny the only "one" and admit the "many",etc.They are directly related to the tendency of the basic theories in their schools,and also significantly connected with ancient Indian political,social and historical background.