数字经济、人工智能制造与劳动力错配

文章基于2013—2019年中国30个省份的面板数据,先运用模拟退火优化投影寻踪模型测算中国数字经济发展指数,再采用双向固定效应模型和广义空间两阶段最小二乘法验证数字经济和人工智能制造对劳动力资源错配的影响效应。结果表明,2013—2019年我国数字经济发展水平整体呈现稳中有进的趋势,年均增速为11.8%。尽管数字经济发展先行区主要位于东部沿海地区,但近年来西部地区各省份年均增速较高,已形成"东部领跑,西部追赶"的空间分异格局。数字经济能显著缓解劳动力错配,人工智能制造在其中发挥着重要的中介作用,这一结论经过稳健性检验后依然成立。

Digital Economy,Artificial Intelligence Manufacturing and Labor Mismatch

Based on panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2019, this paper first uses a simulated annealing optimized projection tracing model to measure China’s digital economic development index, and then uses two-way fixed effect model and generalized spatial two-stage least square method to verify the effect of the digital economy and artificial intelligence manufacturing on labor resource mismatch. The results go as below: From 2013 to 2019, the overall development level of China’s digital economy showed a trend of steady progress, with an average annual growth rate of 11.8%. Although the digital economy development pilot zone is mainly located in the eastern coastal region, the average annual growth rate of provinces in the western region is relatively high in recent years, which has formed a spatial differentiation pattern of "the eastern leading and the western catching up". The conclusion that artificial intelligence manufacturing plays an important mediating role in the digital economy,which can significantly alleviate labor mismatch, still holds after robustness test.