西班牙—摩洛哥边境的建构与治理研究

休达与梅利利亚地处非洲北端地中海南岸,是孤立在非洲大陆上的两个西班牙飞地。这两座城市的陆上边界活动与经济要素的流动,反映出摩洛哥与西班牙、欧盟与非欧盟国家之间的冲突与交流。其建构与治理不仅影响着两国的政治稳定、经济发展、外交关系,也影响着欧盟的移民政策和欧洲—非洲关系,同时建构了独特且动态的边民认同。2020年受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响,休达与梅利利亚的边境空间有了新的变化。本文通过梳理该边境问题的产生与流变,分析其“双重性”“交织性”“波动性”等特点,进而指出,休达与梅利利亚的边境空间具有屏障功能、桥梁作用、认同建构、边境建构及其重构等作用,其对研究飞地边民认同、欧盟政策与欧洲—地中海关系意义重大。

The Construction and Governance of the Spanish-Moroccan Border

Ceuta and Melilla,located on the southern shore of the Mediterranean Sea at the northern tip of Africa,are two Spanish enclaves isolated on the African continent.The land border activities and economic exchanges in these two cities reflects the conflicts and communication between Morocco and Spain,as well as the EU and non-EU countries.Its construction and governance affect not only the political stability,economic development,and diplomatic relations of the two countries,but also the EU's immigration policy and European-African relations,which constructs a unique and dynamic identity for border residents.From 2020,affected by COVID-19 Pandemic,the border space between Ceuta and Melilla has undergone new changes.This paper reviews the emergence and alteration of the border issue,analyzing its“duality”,“interweavement”,“volatility”and other characteristics.In doing so,it will illuminate that the border space between Ceuta and Melilla functions as a barrier and a bridge,which affects identity construction,border construction and reconstruction.This paper is of great significance for the study of the enclave identity,EU policies and Euro-Mediterranean relations.