“软权力”说的由来与发展

美国在伊拉克的遭遇和中国"和平崛起"的努力进一步凸显了"软权力"说的重要意义。近年来约瑟夫·奈的"软权力"说不断发展和完善,但保罗·肯尼迪对"软权力"说的质疑依然具有普遍意义。问题的关键是能否通过构建一个可以量化的诠释体系而把"软权力"说与主流国际关系理论衔接起来;或者通过对"同化性"权力学说的深入阐释而重新解读国际关系中的"权力"。中国的历史遭遇和现实处境使中国学者更为重视"软权力"问题,并且应该在这一领域的研究中率先取得重大进展。

The Origin and the Development of "Soft Power"

The paper explores the origins and the development of Joseph Nye's concept of "soft power", and discuses the questions from Paul Kennedy on the concept and the Chinese scholars' studying on the theory. The author argues that there has been a development of "soft power" as a theory in Nye's works, but the Kennedy's view points on the concept is still widely accepted. The major challenge for the development of "soft power" as a theory is to associate it with the "power" in the leading IR theories by establishing a describing system that can measure the weight of "soft power" in the forming of national power, or by redefining the power in IR through the further explaining of co-optive power as Nye has started. The Chinese pay more attention on the studying of "soft power" since China's historical experience and current situation in the world, and the Chinese scholars are expected to make greater progress on the subject in the future.