第三人致害租赁物的法律关系分析

第三人致害租赁物时,在合同关系内,若租赁合同仍然存续,应将维修义务视为出租人的主给付义务,承租人可要求其履行。若租赁合同解除,则出租人应赔偿承租人损失。在合同关系外,出租人可基于其所有权向第三人行使恢复原状请求权及损害赔偿请求权,所赔损失应包括租赁物的价值贬损、丧失的租金利益以及对承租人承担的解约赔偿金。在承认承租人可向第三人行使代位性权利的同时,也应承认其基于占有或租赁权产生的请求权。在综合行使各种请求权时,应注意损害是否具有同质性。租赁物受损,出租人与承租人因此提出的恢复原状及维修费用赔偿请求权,即具有同质性,满足其一即可。但租赁物价值贬损及承租人因合同解除遭受的损害为个人特别损害,应分别行使请求权。

An Analysis of the Legal Relationship in the Lease of the Third Party Infringement

When the third party infringes the lease, the lease contract is still valid. And maintenance obligation is the main payment obligation, so the lessee can ask for performing. If the contract is terminated, the lessor should compensate the lessee for loss. Moreover, because of the ownership, the lessor can ask the third party for restoring the original status or compensating for loss. The loss includes value devaluation of the lease, loss of rent and the compensation for lessee. The subrogation right of lessee should be admitted, so does the right of claim based on possession or leasehold. When exercising different rights, one should consider whether they have the same effect. The restoring of the original status and compensating for the cost of maintenance obligation have the same effect,to satisfy one of it is enough. But the value devaluation of the lease and the termination compensation for lessee are different, they should be satisfied separately.