能促型国家的角色:事业单位的改革与非营利部门的转型

随着中国市场转型的深化,事业单位的全面改革已经提上议事日程。在市场经济中,民间非营利组织构成公共部门和营利部门之外的第三部门,在社会生活中扮演了重要角色。作为计划经济体系的遗产,事业单位在整个非营利部门中占据主导地位,但近年来出现了走向企业化和民营化的变革。在事业单位的改革过程中,国家扮演能力促进的角色至关重要。一方面,建立一个规范的非营利组织监管体系是当务之急;另一方面,国家也可以通过种种手段,培育民间非营利组织自主发展的能力。

The Reform of Public-sector Organizations and the Transformation of the Nonprofit Sector in China:Towards an Enabling Role of the State

As the market transition proceeds, the restructuring of public-sector organizations has been placed on policy agenda in China. In advanced market economies, private nonprofit organizations constitute a third sector apart from the public sector and the for-profit sector, playing significant role in socioeco nomic spheres. As one of the legacies of the planned economy, public-sector organizations are dominant in the nonprofit sector in China, although many have moved towards commercialization and privatization. The enabling role of the state is critical in the course of restructuring public-sector organizations. On the one hand, it is urgent to establish a formal regulatory framework to govern the emerging third sector; on the other, the state is crucial in building up the capacity of self-governing and development for newly privatized nonprofit organizations through a variety of tools.