影响我国居民收入分配差距因素的实证分析

世界银行2005年发展报告显示,中国的基尼系数按由低到高排名第85位,2007年达到了0.48,超过了国际上0.4的警戒线。本文对中国1994—2007年的相关统计资料进行实证分析,以验证税收、转移支付和教育与收入分配差距之间遵从的演变路径,探讨了城乡转移支付对收入分配差距的影响力度,得出结论:教育和税收能缩小收入分配差距,但影响有限;现行的社会保障制度并没有实现制度上的公平,农村社保制度对收入差距的负面影响远大于城市社保制度。

Empirical Analyzes of the Income Distribution Gap in China

World Bank Report of 2005 showed that China′s Gini coefficient reached the 85th by rank from low to high,and it reached 0.48 in 2007,higher than the international warning line.This article,employing a regression model to the relevant statistical dates from 1994 to 2007,verifies evolution among the taxes,the transfer payments,education and income distribution gap.From the above analysis,we conclude that:(1) education and income distribution could narrow the tax gap,but it is a limited impact;(2) the existing social security system does not achieve the fair of system,the impact of the rural social security is more profound.