《孟子字义疏证》对《孟子》的阐释和创新

戴震《孟子字义疏证》采用经学训诂的形式对义理内容进行建构,在学术思想史上产生了巨大影响。本文对戴震的义理旨趣、考据特征以及对《孟子》的创新阐释及其缺陷作了分析,认为其过度目的性阐释导致了《疏证》在接受方面的诸多困局。戴震义理学表面上对程朱理学持批判立场,但双方在动机、旨趣和义理内容的建构上不具同源性,戴震把程朱理学瑕疵当成程朱理学本身加以攻击,对原始儒意的理解并没有超越宋儒而进行。戴震对于《孟子》的把握仍有未达,但《疏证》所展现出来的批判精神却影响深远。

A Study on Mencius Hermeneutics

To be the famous scholar and philosopher in Middle Qing Dynasty, Dai Zhen enjoyed a distinguished position in history. His masterpiece, Mencius Hermeneutics, built on the basis of the firm ancient literature and came into being huge influence as well as great controversy. My goal in this paper is to study the relationship and influence between the textual method and moral principles in it. At last, I hope the study of relevant issues can make some contributions to the study of Dai Zhen.