论精神损害赔偿与惩罚性赔偿金的关系——兼评台湾最高法院2002年台上字第1495号民事判决

课予惩罚性赔偿金主要考量加害人主观上的恶性与其加害行为的后果严重性，而属填补性损害赔偿制度之财产上的损害赔偿，主要考虑被害人所受的实际损失。至于属非财产上损害赔偿的精神损害慰抚金，除应当考虑被害人因素，并对加害人的加害情状、加害事由、以及加害人资力等因素加以考量，与惩罚性赔偿金的考虑相似，但异于财产上损害赔偿之考量因素。精神损害赔偿与惩罚性赔偿金具有判断同构性及相似的功能、目的。因此，有必要梳理精神损害赔偿与惩罚性赔偿金之间的关系，以作为正确计算惩罚性赔偿金数额的基础。

Comparative Studies on Emotional Distress Compensatories

The imposition of punitive damages takes into consideration the offender＇ s malicious subjectivity as well as the consequential severity of the wrongful act; however, the property compensation, under the compensatory system of loss and damages, is mainly attributable to the victim＇ s actual loss. When it comes to emotional distress solatium, which is a non- property compensation, besides considenng the victim＇ s circumstances, the wrongdoer＇ s situation, reasons and financial background when committing the offense are also taken into consideration. Such process of consideration is similar to that of punitive damages but differs from that of property compensation. This is to say that both emotional distress compensation and punitive damages comprise of a uniform decision making structure and similar functions and purposes.