区域环境治理中的新政策工具

区域环境问题是指一个行政辖区内的生产活动所带来的影响超出了辖区范围,产生了区域环境污染外部性。区域环境治理需要采用各种手段和途径实现治理目标,中国的区域环境治理自20世纪90年代以来开始逐渐采用以基于市场的工具、信息类工具、自愿型工具为主要内容的新环境政策工具,但是新环境政策工具并没有取代传统的管制型工具,因为政策工具的选择和使用受制于政策网络风格。在中国,区域政策网络在纵向上中央集权、地方权力有限,在横向上权力分散。环保局权力受制于地方政府和其他职能部门,是一种松散的、互相依赖性弱的政策网络,在这种政策网络中,新政策工具仅仅在渐进地改变着政策工具箱,而主导的环境政策网络风格并没有变化。

The New Policy Instrument Applied in the Governance of Regional Environment

The effect of some productive action in a jurisdiction goes beyond its area,and brings about regional environmental problems externalized.Usually,government should adopt some instruments to achieve environment governance goal.Since 1990s,China began to use the new environment instruments,which includes mark-based instruments,voluntary approaches and information instruments.The traditional command-and-control instruments became old instruments.But the new environment instruments did not replace the traditional instruments.They offer the government instrument mixes for regional environmental governance.Chinese regional environmental policy network had not changed.In Chinese regional policy network,the power is controlled by the central government.Local governments only have limited power.At the same time,environmental protection bureau subjects to other departments.In a word,Chinese regional environmental policy network is in very loose and weak interdependence.Actors in the network may have conflicts of interest.The new environment instruments make the instrument box rich,but the style of environmental policy networks in China did not change.