通向《逻辑哲学论》神秘主义的双重路径

《逻辑哲学论》中的神秘主义是前期维特根斯坦的重要思想之一。西方学者对这一思想的具体内容以及它同《逻辑哲学论》中其他思想之间的关系评价不一,而且这些评价都有自身的局限性。事实上,如果从全局的视域来考察《逻辑哲学论》就会发现,通往神秘主义有两条路径:一条是语言哲学的路径;另一条是逻辑哲学的路径。神秘主义是维特根斯坦对有意义的科学命题和缺少意义的逻辑命题进行分析所推导出的一个逻辑结论,它与《逻辑哲学论》中的图像论和逻辑哲学是一个不可分割的整体,这种整体性表明维特根斯坦力图实现经验的自然科学、先验的逻辑学和超验的伦理学的统一。

The Two Routes Leading to the Mysticism of Tractatus

The mysticism of Tractatus is one of the important thoughts of the early Wittgenstein.There is much controversy among scholars about the contents of his mysticism and its relation with the other thoughts of Tractatus,and all the commentaries have their own shortcomings.Actually,if we read Tractatus in an overall view,we can find that there are two approaches leading to philosophy of the mystical.One is what is called the route of philosophy of language,and the other is what is called the route of philosophy of logic.As a necessary part of the whole doctrine of Tractatus,the mysticism is a logical consequence of a thorough examination of the meaningful scientific propositions and the meaningless logical propositions.The feature of the entirety of Tractatus’ doctrine shows that Wittgenstein attempted to unite the empirical science,the transcendental logic and the transcendent ethics.