中国市场经济中的"经济人"位置及其超越

"经济人"思想的发展大致经历了"古典经济人"、"新古典经济人"和"广义经济人"三个阶段。"经济人"的内涵也愈以拥有了更加贴近于现实市场行为主体的不可证伪性。通过对"经济人"理论的内涵及我国经济理论研究中引入经济人假设的原因的分析发现,中国在发展市场经济的过程中引入"经济人"假设应该注意三方面的问题,即从实践的角度应理性地对待"经济人"理论的适用范围;从倡导"经济人"理论的视角,也应时刻警惕其负面影响;从范畴的外延方面看,"经济人"是一个类概念、总体概念,不能对应为市场经济中的某一个主体来进行研究。这也就需要人们在我国市场经济条件下从这三方面来创新和超越"经济人"假设,其中关键是在理论层面找到它与市场经济的结合点,在实践层面把握好其应用的范围和适用的力度,只有这样才能使其有助于引导中国社会主义市场经济的健康发展。

The Position and Extension of "Economic Person" in Chinese Market Economy

The development of the theory of "economic person" has gone through three stages in the rough, namely, "classic economic person", "new classic economic person" and "extended economic person". The connotation of "economic person" is just becoming more and more coincident to actual market action subjects, which can't be proved false. By discussing the theory of "economic person" and the reason of introducing "economic person" assumption in our domestic economic theories, the author probes into this field and draws the conclusion that we should pay attention to three sides during theory research and practical usage of this assumption: in the temporal appropriateness, we should treat the applicable scope rationally; in popularizing the theory of "economic person", we should also be alert to its negative effects; while considered from the denotative side, "economic person" is a generic notion, an umbrella notion, but we can't take on it as a particular subject to research into. The present thesis tries to provide a series of ideas of the extended "economic person" assumption from the above three sides. The rational realization of the connotation of "economic person" assumption and its position in our domestic market economy is of great theoretical significance for building our country's socialistic market economy.