人道主义和反人道主义的知识论或真理观——以詹姆士与福柯为例

以詹姆士为代表的人道主义知识论或真理观认为,真理是人为的结果,并且造出来是给人用的;以福柯为代表的反人道主义的知识论或真理观认为,每一个话语实践都可以由它所形成的知识来确定,而话语实践总是和权力联系在一起。因此,知识或真理是由权力造就的。在这两种知识论或真理观中,福柯的知识论或真理观显得更为合理。实际上,知识或真理是在人的实践中产生的,并由人的实践效果来衡量,这就决定了知识或真理的社会基础和社会属性。

Epistemology or Truth View of Humanity and Anti-humanity--Case Study on James and Foucault

Epistemology or truth view of humanity,the representative of which is James,stands that the truth is manmade and is for mankind to use. Anti-humanity Epistemology or truth view with the representative named Foucault,however,stands that every piece of narrative experience can be determined by the knowledge it consists of,and knowledge or truth should be trained by power since narrative experiences are always connected with power. Among these two standpoints,Foucault's sounds more reasonable. In fact,knowledge or truth is brought up during practice of mankind and is to be judged by practical effect,which determined the social basis and social attribute of knowledge or truth.