一个“撒谎”故事的流布、变异与改写——《牧童与羊》、《狼来了》与《三声枪响》

《狼来了》是我国民间家喻户晓的儿童故事,它来源于伊索寓言《牧童与狼》,是由传教士带入中国的。但若引入故事结构相类似的第三个文本《三声枪响》,并予以存在论性质的解读,就可与《牧童与狼》及《狼来了》建立一种有趣的比较关系,其中有关"撒谎"的道德主题被改写成"自我欺骗"的存在主题。由此而生的对儿童的同情,则使我们进一步看到,从《牧童与狼》到《狼来了》的流布过程中,一个道德"劝戒"故事如何变异成道德"恐吓"故事,其中充斥着对身体的训诫和治理。

The Spreading, Variation and Adaptation of "Telling Lie" Stories--A Shepherd Boy and Sheep, Wolf Is Coming and Three Cracks of Shooting

The Wolf Is Coming is well known in civil China, it comes from A Shepherd Boy and Sheep of Aesop's Fables, it was introduced into China by missionaries. But if the third copy of the story, Three Cracks of Shooting was introduced in, there would be interesting comparison between A Shepherd Boy and Sheep or Wolf Is Coming, of which the moral theme about "telling lie" was adapted into the existing theme of "selfdeceiving".　The sympathy to children coming from the stories shows that,　in the process of spreading of ( A Shepherd)Boy and Sheep, Wolf Is Coming, how the story of moral "admonishing" was changed into the story of moral "threatening" in which is full of admonishing and administering of body.