现代西方对哲学真理的重建与转向

自休谟以来 ,哲学真理对科学真理的优势地位开始受到严峻挑战。康德和黑格尔在回答休谟问题的过程中 ,提出了两种对立的哲学真理模式 ,这标志着西方哲学家对哲学真理的理解出现了严重的分歧。为重建哲学真理 ,现代西方哲学家提出了四种主要方法 :分析方法、辩证方法、现象学方法和结构方法。但它们在发展的过程中都遇到了严重的困难 ,并以不同方式向“后哲学真理观”转向。在这种转向中 ,一些后现代主义者提出真理的多元分立论 ,完全否认了各学科真理之间的制约关系。然而真理具有“文本间性”,真理是在不同文本相互碰撞中所显示出的文本力量。在各学科文本的碰撞和竞争中 ,只会出现获胜的强者 ,却不会有世袭的真理帝王。

Reconstruction and Directional Change of Philosophical Truth in Modern West

The superiority of philosophical truth over scientific truth has been strongly challenged ever since David Hume. In answering Hume's questions, I. Kant and G. W. F. Hegel developed their respective modes of philosophical truth, opposite as they are, signing a serious divergence of western philosophers' understanding of philosophical truth. In order to reconstruct philosophical truth, modern western philosophers developed four major methods: analytical, dialectical, phenomenological, and structural. But, all these methods meet tough difficulties in their development and have to turn to "post-philosophical truth conception" in one or in other way. In such a directional change, some postmodernists advance a theory of pluralistic existence of truth and negate totally the restrictive relations among various disciplinary truths. However, the writer is allowed here to borrow the word "intertextuality" to argue that the truth might have existed in the mutual conflicting among the different science texts for the truth is only a textual force shown in intertextual conflicts among different texts.