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| 劳动力成本上升与中国制造业转移 | |
| 引用本文： | 张晶 陈志龙. 劳动力成本上升与中国制造业转移[J]. 统计研究, 2021, 38(6): 70-85. DOI: 10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2021.06.006 |
| 作者姓名： | 张晶 陈志龙 |
| 摘 要： | 制造业合理有序的转移对于我国经济的稳定平衡发展具有重要意义。本文使用1998-2013年中国工业企业数据库加总得到的城市层面制造业数据和最低工资代表的劳动力成本数据,首次考察了最低工资与制造业空间分布的因果关系。研究结果表明,最低工资标准的提高降低了城市制造业产值的份额、就业人数份额和规模以上企业数目份额,并推动制造业就近转移。同时,最低工资对制 造业份额的影响存在着明显的异质性,资本密度越高和国有企业占比越多的地区制造业份额受影响越小。进一步的机制检验发现,最低工资标准的上升抑制新企业的设立,促进企业跨区域资本配置和推动企业退出。本文的研究结论有助于厘清劳动力成本上升对制造业空间分布的影响效应,为制造业在区域间的分布和转移提供了重要的政策借鉴。 |
| 关 键 词： | 最低工资 制造业转移 SLX 模型 |
Rising Labor Cost and the Transfer of Manufacturing Sector in China |
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| Zhang Jing Chen Zhilong. Rising Labor Cost and the Transfer of Manufacturing Sector in China[J]. Statistical Research, 2021, 38(6): 70-85. DOI: 10.19343/j.cnki.11-1302/c.2021.06.006 | |
| Authors: | Zhang Jing Chen Zhilong |
| Abstract: | The orderly transfer of the manufacturing sector is of great significance to the stable and balanced development of China’s economy. We use the data on manufacturing and minimum wage at the city level aggregated from China’ s Industrial Enterprise Survey 1998 - 2013 to investigate the causal relationship between minimum wage and the spatial distribution of manufacturing. The results show that the increase of the minimum wage reduces the share of the output value of the manufacturing sector, the share of the number of employees and the share of the number of enterprises above the designated scale, and promotes the transfer of the manufacturing nearby. The effect of minimum wage on the share of manufacturing is heterogeneous: the higher the capital density and the higher the proportion of state-owned enterprises, the smaller the impact of the rise of minimum wage on the share of manufacturing. Further mechanism test shows that the rise of minimum wage inhibits the establishment of new enterprises, promotes the cross-regional capital allocation and the exit of enterprises. The conclusion of this paper helps to clarify the impact of rising labor costs on the spatial distribution of the manufacturing industry and provides an important policy reference for the distribution and transfer of the manufacturing industry across regions. |
| Keywords: | Minimum Wage Transfer of Manufacturing Sector SLX Model |
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