| 工作条件、工资补偿与劳动力市场城乡分割测量 |
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| 引用本文： | 钱雪亚 肖青青. 工作条件、工资补偿与劳动力市场城乡分割测量[J]. 统计研究, 2015, 32(8): 37-45 |
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| 作者姓名： | 钱雪亚 肖青青 |
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| 摘 要： | 鉴于工资既是对劳动者生产率贡献的支付同时又是对劳动者承受负面工作条件的补偿这一复杂性，鉴于城镇劳动力市场上城乡两类劳动者在艰苦危险程度不等岗位上分布的显著差异性，依据调查工资的城乡差异来测量劳动力市场上城乡分割的程度可能不尽客观。本文关注岗位的工作条件及其工资补偿，依据两类劳动者的可比工资差异观察城乡分割状态。研究发现：在绝对意义上，无论城镇工还是农民工，艰苦危险的工作条件未能带来显著更高的工资正效应；但相对于城镇工，农民工的工资中包含了更多的基于艰苦危险工作条件的岗位补偿部分；在岗位补偿可比口径下，城乡劳动者的工资差异显著大于调查工资口径下的工资差异。以此判断，我国城镇劳动力市场存在以负面工作条件补偿不足为形式的隐性分割，次级劳动力市场中，尤其是哪些最为艰苦和危险的工作岗位上，城乡劳动者看似基本一致的工资水平并不代表农民工获得了平等的生产率回报。
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| 关 键 词： | 劳动力市场 城乡分割 工作条件 补偿性工资差别 |
Working Condition,Compensation and Estimation of Urban-Rural Segmentation in Labor Market |
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| Affiliation: | Qian Xueya & Xiao Qingqing |
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| Abstract: | Given the complexity that the wage is paid both as an exchange of work performed and as compensation for the adverse working conditions, and the significant differences in jobs with hardness and dangerous between urban and rural workers, it may be not objective enough that measuring labor market segmentation of urban and rural on the observed wage. This paper focuses on the adverse working condition and the compensation, and the Urban-Rural Segmentation based on the wage of comparable statistical criteria. The results show that adverse working conditions did not follows higher wages for both rural and urban workers in an absolute sense. Compared to urban workers however, rural workers get more compensating wage because their worse working conditions. Wage differential between urban and rural workers is significantly greater on the statistical criteria of comparable working conditions than that on the statistical criteria of direct survey. We conclude that there exists implicit segmentation in urban labor market in the form of inadequate compensation for adverse working condition. In the secondary labor market, the almost same wages of urban and rural workers does not represent a return on the productivity of rural workers won the equality, especially to the most difficult and hazardous roles. |
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| Keywords: | Labor Market Urban-Rural Segmentation Working Conditions Compensating Wage Differential |
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