乡村社会变迁中的代沟问题——以电视为切入点

不同年龄阶段的农民对于电视节目的选择具有不同的偏好。这表明乡村社会中代沟现象的存在。以电视为代表的大众传媒和打工经济的发展是现代性进入农村的主要入口,也是代沟现象得以形成和发展的结构性因素,而农村社会也因此而形成了关于传统与现代的二元结构。     

The Power and Morals of Policy Makers: Reassessing the Control Gap Debate1

For more than 15 years, there has been a lively debate among migration scholars in Europe and North America about how to explain “why liberal states accept unwanted migration.” This paper assesses existent hypotheses in the “most‐likely” case of the making of Dutch family migration policies. This empirical test raises serious doubts as to the validity of the broadly shared assumption that national policy makers have lost the power to regulate migration flows. Accounts that focus on the mechanisms of domestic politics do yield valuable insights, but fail to capture the crucial role of immaterial values in the decision‐making process.     

Aiding the Aid Debate

Book reviewed in this article: Democratizing Development: The Role of Voluntary Organizations. By John Clark When Aid is No Help: How Projects Fail and How They Could Succeed. By John Madeley et al     

城市工人与农民工的收入差距研究

本文选择2008年社会状况综合调查数据中城市工人和农民工样本,使用布朗分解方法解析城市工人与农民工收入差距,重点解答城市工人与农民工收入差距形成的原因和过程。研究发现单位之间的收入差异是总体收入差距的主要部分,而入职户籍门槛是阻碍农民工进入公有制单位,获取较高收入的重要原因。在同一所有制性质单位内部,城市工人与农民工同工不同酬占总体收入差距比例不大。人力资本差异能够解释收入差距的36.2%,说明人力资本要素虽然能够影响到收入状况,但统一、竞争的劳动力市场并未完全形成。     

Systematic Interviewing Microskills and Neuroscience: Developing Bridges between the Fields of Communication and Counseling Psychology

Originating in 1966-68, Microcounseling was the first video-based listening program and its purposes and methods overlap with the communications field. This article presents history, research, and present applications in multiple fields nationally and internationally. Recent neuroscience and neurobiology research is presented with the important point—“counseling and communication change the brain and encourage the development of new neural networks.— Multicultural issues are important in the microskills framework. Over 500 databased Microcounseling studies exist with translations in 21 languages. The authors suggest that the communication studies field might wish to consider itself also a mental health profession as the teaching of listening skills and effective communication is central to well-being. Furthermore, communication studies can do much to increase multicultural understanding and cross-cultural communication.     

Reducing Complexity in the Industrial Policy Debate

A central concern of industrial policy is how to configure the relationship with the global economy. The manifold choices and pressures make this a difficult task for policy‐makers. This article suggests a way of framing discussions between policy‐makers, advisers and researchers, to help reduce complexity and find common ground. It demonstrates how different constellations of low/high challenge and support bring out the essence of different policy regimes, and how different constellations of narrow/wide technology and marketing gaps help identify the most plausible way forward.     

One View of the Domestic Partnership Debate

Abstract

This article addresses the impact of electronic networking on the lesbian and gay community. Electronic communications are impacting rural social services. The authors discuss the availability of resources and the impact of electronic networking on the delivery of social services toward the next century. Examples of Internet resources are provided.     

Getting Beyond the Productivity Gap

Although contemporary definitions of scholarship describe diverse activities through which faculty develop, verify, and advance knowledge of their profession, evaluations of social work program productivity have continued to emphasize the quantity of full-length articles published in selected social work journals. For this study, the authors applied a conceptual framework based on the intended audience and the function of over 1,700 articles and book reviews published from 1990-1993 by faculty of professorial rank at 45 social work doctoral programs. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed four qualitatively distinct patterns of scholarly productivity, none of which was associated with quantitative productivity. Implications for social work practice and for knowledge development are identified and discussed.     

Financing for Development: The Gap between Words and Deeds since Monterrey

The Monterrey Consensus agreed at the UN summit on Financing for Development in 2002 promised a breakthrough in terms of donor generosity, aid effectiveness and new means of financing. However, the development orientation of world leaders proved to be short‐lived. This is even though our evaluation reveals progress since Monterrey in some areas, notably debt relief and private (FDI) flows. Calls for substantially scaling‐up regular aid had less effect than envisaged, and financial innovations have contributed only marginally to overall development financing so far. Nor is there much progress from the perspective of critics focusing on the quality of aid. In particular, the targeting of aid according to need and merit leaves much to be desired. The gap between words and deeds continues to be wide with regard to aid proliferation and donor co‐ordination as well.     

Some Brief Comments on the Jaques Amado Debate

Comments on the Jaques–Amado debate seekto show why it is necessary in organization consultancyto understand both the organization role context and theindividual psychoanalytic perspective. Failure to understand both, it is suggested, could doviolence to the person and the organization.     

The Lingering Debate Over the Parental Alienation Syndrome Phenomenon

ABSTRACT

It's been more than a quarter century since the Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) phenomenon was first observed yet it remains a highly debated concept in the legal and mental health professions. In the years since its inception, judges have relied on PAS to make both short and long-term decisions in custody and visitation cases. Those who support PAS claim that there is scientific evidence to prove its existence, while those who oppose it suggest that it is pseudoscience and should not be relied upon in court to make binding decisions in custody and visitation cases. The critics believe that other factors must be considered in these cases and that PAS is too simple an explanation for complex behaviors seen in parents and children during custody and visitation proceedings. This paper presents both sides of the argument and suggests that the PAS debate lingers on and remains unsettled. It presents the position that there is scientific evidence to support a clinical claim that PAS is observed in some cases, and it presents the argument that not enough rigorous experimentation has been done to prove once and for all that PAS is a diagnosable phenomenon.     

上海医疗卫生服务体系与全球城市的差距及发展战略

面对未来30年上海全球城市建设的新形势和新要求,上海应以弥补医疗卫生事业发展短板、全面追赶全球城市发展水平为突破口,到2020年,基本建成与“四个中心”和社会主义国际大都市相匹配的亚洲一流、国际知名的医学中心城市.为此,上海必须从战略层面出发,形成“三大四强”发展战略,以全面推动医疗卫生服务体系的改革发展.     

Continuing Education as an Effective Linkage between Schools of Social Work and the Practice Community

Establishing viable linkages between social work education and practice has been a constant concern of educators and practitioners. Traditional linkages such as agency field placements and agency-based research have not materially strengthened relationships. Continuing education can be an effective linkage between schools and practitioners, providing two conditions are met. First, continuing education programs must be centrally administered as part of the mainstream of the school's curriculum. Second, both practitioners and administrators must be engaged actively in curriculum planning, implementation, and evaluation. The Extramural MSW Program and the Child Welfare Training Project at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, are used as illustrations.     

Animal Rights Talk: Moral Debate over the Internet

Messages sent over Animal Rights-Talk, an electronic mail network devoted to the discussion of issues related to the animal rights movement, were analyzed. Messages typically fell into the following categories: questions and information, discussions of philosophical issues, ethical problems associated with the treatment of particular species, the politics of the animal rights movement, problems of moral consistency, the ethics of particular uses of non-human species (e.g., meat consumption, biomedical research with animal subjects), and matters pertaining to the internal life of the network (e.g., efforts at control of perceived norm violations). Debates between animal activists and animal researchers over the network often reflected the conflicting cosmologies of scientists and animal protectionists. We argue that computer bulletin boards offer a potentially important avenue for qualitative research.     

Youth Perspectives on Social Insurance in Egypt: Qualitative Insights on the Gap between Legal and Effective Coverage

A gap between legal and effective coverage rates is a common challenge facing social insurance systems in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries. This article draws on an exploratory qualitative study with youth in Egypt to examine how labour market dynamics and worker preferences contribute to this gap. Labour market factors, particularly instability of employment and job mobility, were found to reduce the perceived value of social insurance. Poor understanding of how social insurance works was another contributing factor. However, youth displayed a high level of trust in the public social insurance system and saw pensions as valuable in the abstract. In combination with awareness promotion, eliminating penalties to discontinuous labour force participation could make social insurance more attractive to youth.     

Interests in News and the Knowledge Gap

Although prior evidence identified socioeconomic status as akey factor in the consumption of public affairs news information,equivalent evidence suggests that individual interests in newsevents are related to media consumption and information acquisition.Here, the comparative strengths of these two propositions areanalyzed in the context of the "knowledge gap" hypothesis. Fortwo news events, two-wave data from community samples assessedsocial interest and self-interest in the news, level of education,and knowledge about different aspects of the news events. Interestwas more strongly related to knowledge than education, particularlyfor more complex information. Further, between the two fieldwaves, more new information was learned by those with higherlevels of interest.