《韩偓诗集笺注》校注疏误举例

<韩偓诗集笺注>有校注疏误之处其一,录引原诗,文字有误;其二,征引<全唐诗>校语疏误;其三,时有误注、失注.另外,<前言>部分亦有前后抵牾、疏误之处.     

Narratives, community and land use decisions

This article explores the narrative character of community, arguing that communities are intrinsically storied. Narratives are conceptualized as social acts and are thereby of inherent importance to social scientific endeavor. Following Weber, narratives also are seen to be entrenched in institutions and in the political economy of communities. State tourism and land use decisions are suggested as ideographic situations in which such entrenchment is found.     

中华书局版《无邪堂答问》句读献疑

中华书局2000年点校出版的《无邪堂答问》一书,在标点方面,有不少可商之处。其中最严重的是有不少影响阅读的破句,本文择要搜出并作重新标点。另外还有当断不断、不当断而断等两种情况,本文举例说明。     

An observation of assisted living environments: space use and behavior

Assisted living facilities have become increasingly popular for older adults needing assistance. They are intended to enable privacy and provide support, but the extent to which they do so, and the degree to which these relate to residents' needs, are unknown. This observational study of 1830 residents in 182 facilities indicates that, during the mid-afternoon, the majority of residents are awake (79%), and one-half (49%) are awake and in public spaces. Residents who are cognitively and functionally impaired are more likely to be in public spaces, but less likely to be engaged. Residents who are awake and alone in private spaces are less likely to be impaired, but more likely to have medical conditions. Thus, residents needing more oversight seem to be positioned to obtain that oversight.     

李白诗歌中的“一片奇气”的学理探析——兼论李白之奇与岑参、韩愈的异同

李白的诗歌个性十分鲜明,其突出特点可用"李白气"来概括,"李白气"的能指即清末评论家吴汝纶所说的"一片奇气"[1]。"一片奇气"在李白诗歌有三个表现层次:言奇、象奇、思奇。李白、岑参、韩愈三人的诗歌都具有"尚奇"的共同特征。但比较而言:岑参之奇,意在外物,奇在风光;李白之奇,意在情感,奇在心志;韩愈之奇,融进人力,奇崛险怪;李白之奇,得之天然,风神潇洒。这正是李白之奇的独特之处。     

KINSHIP,RECIPROCITY AND VULNERABILITY: SOCIAL RELATIONS IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY

This paper examines the notion that informal interhousehold transfers of goods and services in the communal economy are based upon reciprocity. Patterns of interhousehold transfer of goods and services are described, and the significance of kinship (or familial obligations) in shaping patterns of informal exchange are discussed. Data from a 1990 survey of household and residential organisation in Brisbane are used. Differences in income, labour force participation and the density and character of householders' social networks are considered as factors shaping contemporary interhousehold economic activity. Implications for our understanding of people's economic vulnerability are drawn from the observations.     

Father-Absence and the Development of Sex Role

The lack of data-based research on the effects of father absence provided the major focus of the study. Comparisons are made between sex-role development in father-absent boys, male singletons and males in the four sibling-status positions in two-child families. On three measures of sex-role development, differences between the groups are shown. The father-absent groups are shown to rank poorly in comparison with their peers. Although no firm explanations are adduced for this developmental disadvantage, the possibilities of compensatory masculinity and critical periods in sex-role establishment are raised. The need for provision of adequate male sex role models for boys during the psychosexually formative years and some implications for future research are discussed.     

历代陕西状元考略

根据陕西方志、《登科记考》和近年出版的有关状元研究专著等资料进行比对查考,历代陕西状元计有21人,包括现籍陕西或祖籍陕西的状元,但不含居地在陕的4位李氏宗室子弟。从总数看,陕西状元不比号称状元大省的江浙地区,但在唐代,可考的陕西状元数量是位列前茅的,且陕西状元或政绩卓著,或才华出众,大多史册有载,作为陕西人物中一个特殊的群体,值得进一步挖掘、整理和研究。     

Sequential strategies in dual control problems

Sequential decision problems are studied in which there are two decision-makers, or players, who are trying to control the same stochastic system in order to minimize their own individual expected losses. The standard linear model for the stochastic control process and standard quadratic loss functions are assumed. The players take turns choosing the value of the control variable, and each player has his own sequence of targets and his own loss function. Optimal pure competitive strategies are derived by backward induction, and limiting strategies and equilibria are determined. Myopic strategies are introduced and shown to yield smaller losses for each player than the pure competitive strategies. Coefficients of cooperation are then defined, and various cooperative sequential strategies based on them are shown to be mutually beneficial to both players.     

Positionalist voting functions

Positionalist voting functions are those social choice functions where the positions of the alternatives in the voter's preference orders crucially influence the social ordering of the alternatives. An important subclass consists of those voting functions where numbers are assigned to the alternatives in the preference orders and the social ordering is computed from these numbers. Such voting functions are called representable. Various well-known conditions for voting functions are introduced and it is investigated which representable voting functions satisfy these conditions. It is shown that no representable voting function satisfies the Condorcet criterion. This condition and Arrow's independence condition, which are typical non-positionalist conditions, are shown to be incompatible. The Borda function, which is a well-known positionalist voting function, is studied extensively, conditions uniquely characterizing it are given and some modifications of the function are investigated.My thanks are due to professor Bengt Hansson for encouragement and several helpful suggestions.     

Understanding Ethnic Small Business: A Case Study of Marrickville

Ethnic small businesses are an increasingly important feature of economic life in Australian cities. Which groups are most likely to go into this sector, and what are the factors which make for ‘success’? What is the price for survival in terms of working conditions and family life, and what are the fruits of success? These are some of the questions being investigated in a two-year study of ethnic small business in the Sydney region. This paper provides the first report from the study, examining the development of Greek and Vietnamese businesses in the inner suburb of Marrickville.     

Single-parent,female-headed families in Western Europe: social change and response

Trends in single-parent, female-headed families in Western Europe are analyzed and compared. The authors "explore the 'single-parent family' phenomenon in Western Europe, the factors that account for the growth in the numbers of these families, how these families are perceived and the policy responses in the different countries; we also note some patterns." Data are from a variety of sources. Some comparisons are made with the situation in the United States.     

Contextual Variability in Young Children's Gender Ingroup Stereotype

Self-categorization theorists (Oakes, Haslam & Turner, 1994) have shown that stereotypes are not rigid and fixed, and that they vary to reflect variations in the comparative context within which they are formed. In this paper we investigate stereotype variability in a sample of 6/7-year-old children. Participants describe a specific outgroup, and then describe the ingroup (that is 'boys' or 'girls', depending on the sex of the participant). There are two conditions: in condition one the outgroup is represented by adult 'men', if participants are boys, or by adult 'women', if participants are girls. In condition two the outgroup is represented by 'girls', if participants are boys, or by 'boys', if participants are girls. Results show that stereotypical traits attributed to the ingroup change significantly with changes in the frame of reference.     

Cycles versus equilibrium in evolutionary games

Mixed-strategy equilibria are typically rather unstable in evolutionary game theory. “Monocyclic” games, such as Rock–Paper–Scissors, have only mixed equilibria, some of which are “stable” in the sense that sequential best replies lead to them; yet, even these games are prone to stable cycles under discrete-time simultaneous best replies, giving an unusual equilibrium-selection problem. This article analyzes such games in a random-utility setting where changing strategies is costly, and the speed of the dynamic is, thus, endogenous. The stochastically stable outcome is determined by the cost of switching strategies; when switching costs are high, mixed equilibria are selected, whereas when switching costs are low, cycles are selected.     

A Behavioral Approach to Time-Limited Groups

A time-limited model for behavior modification with groups is presented. The basic features and relevant techniques of the model are applied to assessment, planning, intervention and evaluation. Issues in group functioning are examined in relation to optimal performance of the group in addressing the concerns of its members. Research findings using this model in several settings are discussed. Various applications of the model are presented, including implications for future development.     

虚实关系的美学思辨

虚实的品质具有相关性特点,虚实之妙,存乎一心,艺术创作应该相题而作,不必度长絮大,厚此薄彼;虚实的美学结构具有相融性特点,虚实结合并非徒具外形的机械拼凑,而是审美内质的交融.     

Healthcare Financing in the African Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean

Healthcare financing is in crisis in most African countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region of WHO. In low-income countries, spending on health is very low and populations are not protected against financial risks. Middle- and high- income countries are suffering from inappropriate use of resources devoted to health and lack of use of economic tools in priority setting. As coverage by insurance is not well developed, concerns over equity in access are voiced in most countries. Planned policy changes or health sector reforms are designed to address these challenges. The approaches used are based on capacity building, institutional development and provision of needed expertise. International agencies are providing technical support to help in setting the reform agenda, in managing the planned changes and in monitoring the impact. Efforts are being made to strengthen national capabilities in developing national health account functions and in promoting the use of economic tools such as cost-effective analysis, costing and cost analysis in health system management. A particular interest is paid to the development and strengthening of health insurance, and particularly microinsurance for uncovered populations. Countries of the subregion are encouraged to make better use of their training and research institutions and to facilitate the development of networks of health professionals dealing with health system development, supported by international agencies and development banks.     

Differences in inmate-inmate and inmate-staff altercations: Examples from a medium security prison

Inmate violence is a major concern for correctional organizations. Most research on violence lump together inmate-inmate and inmate-staff violence and attempt to understand them from a single perspective. This article posits that inmate-inmate and inmate-staff violence are different phenomenon. Data from a medium security prison is used to understand the relationship between inmate-inmate and inmate-staff violence and other variables. Inmate-inmate altercations are related to structural and interpersonal variables. Inmate-staff altercations are related to the extent to which inmates are involved in social relationship with other inmates and see the correctional staff as a physical threat to them. variables. Inmate-staff altercations are related to the extent to which inmates are involved in social relationship with other inmates and see the correctional staff as a physical threat to them. variables. Inmate-staff altercations are related to the extent to which inmates are involved in social relationship with other inmates and see the correctional staff as a physical threat to them.     

Return migration predictors for undocumented Mexican immigrants living in Dallas

This study uses a survey of undocumented Mexican immigrants living in Dallas to identify variables that predict the likelihood of return migration of undocumented Mexican immigrants. Male immigrants and immigrants under age 25 are more likely to intend to return to Mexico. Surprisingly, length of US residence is not a significant predictor of intended return. In contrast, prior immigrant experience is a significant predictor of intent to return to Mexico. Highly educated immigrants are likely to intend to return to Mexico, probably because the relative skill benefit is greater in the origin country. Immigrants from the Mexican state of Guanajuato are likely to intend to return to Mexico, while those from San Luis Potosi are likely to intend to remain in the US. Immigrants who own a home in Dallas are likely to remain in the US, while those who own land in Mexico are likely to return to Mexico.