论21世纪中国社会发展的文化理念

对于正在迈入21世纪的中国社会来说,立以知识为主导的社会发展理念,培育以契约文化为中心的社会主义市场文化,坚持科学理性和价值理性的统一,建构以"人为本位"的发展价值观.惟其如此,社会发展才能走上持续有序的轨道.     

论中西文化的异化与扬弃

西方现代文化和中国传统文化是社会主义先进文化建设中无法回避的两种文化形态.但从马克思主义的异化观点来看,西方现代文化和中国传统文化都是发生了异化了的文化,各自面临扬弃异化的问题.以文化体系内科学与人文两大部类的平衡机制为支点,分析中西文化异化的表征、根源和扬弃异化道路的差异,为中西方文化的比较提供了一种新的视角,对社会主义先进文化建设也具有现实意义.     

当代中国社会发展的文化选择

社会发展内涵着深刻的文化价值 ,同样 ,文化对社会发展也具有重要的作用。对于当代中国社会发展来说 ,最为关键的是对文化进行合理的选择和设计     

审美地把握社会发展--发展美初论

发展美是指在社会发展过程中特别是在社会发展结果上所存在的美 ,它是发展实践的创造 ,是人的发展力量的对象化或现实化。富饶、公平、稳定、持续、协调等是发展美的表现形态 ,内容胜于形式、综合性、功利性、创造的过程性等是发展美的重要特点。发展美与社会发展的关系是一种双向互动的依存关系。一方面 ,发展美依赖于社会发展 ;另一方面 ,社会发展需要美 ,发展美对社会发展具有十分重要的促进作用。研究发展美 ,既使我们对社会发展的认识获得了一种崭新的视角 ,又极大地丰富了美学理论 ,为创建一门新兴的美学学科———社会发展美学奠定了基础     

论中国近代城市社会结构的演变

近代以来 ,随着外国资本主义的入侵 ,社会基本经济关系的变化 ,导致了中国城市社会结构的根本性变化。这种变化 ,不仅体现在由封建性封闭结构向近代资本主义开放结构转变 ,而且也体现在传统的等级职业结构为近代以来新兴的功能职业结构所取代     

中西文化比较的新探索:中国文化现代化的道路

去年年底在上海召开的“东西方文化比较研究”讨论会,重新提出了东西文化的冲突和聚合的问题。这是个老问题了,今天却又具有十分现实的意义。我国的四个现代化,关键是科学技术的现代化。但是怎样才能实现现代化呢?历史已经一再向我们提示:科学技术是整个文化系统的一个组成部分,它不可能脱离文化整体而孤立地发展,不可能舶来现代科学技术硬行安装到一个原封不动的古老文化机体上。四个现代化的问题,归根到底是我们的传统     

中国式现代化对西方“现代化陷阱”的跨越

现代化代表着人类社会发展由不发达状态走向发达状态的必然趋势,昭示着人类社会文明发展的现代方向,是全人类的共同追求。作为人类社会现代化的早发形态,西方式现代化存在着诸多难以克服的固有缺陷,并非定于一尊的现代化模式。中国式现代化是中国共产党矢志不渝的奋斗目标,是关于现代化道路的中国实践和探索。中国式现代化能够跨越西方所谓的“马尔萨斯陷阱”“中等收入陷阱”“马尔库塞陷阱”“库兹涅茨陷阱”“修昔底德陷阱”,开创了人类实现现代化的新道路和新愿景,为发展中国家提供了实现现代化的新参考和新选择。     

以政党为中心的中国话语与中国道路

社会中心主义和国家中心主义是"国家—社会"关系理论视域下相对立的分析视角,作为西方国家现代化的"地方性经验",有其存在的合理性,但不能解释后发国家政党建构国家、社会的历史,更不能解释社会主义国家执政党复兴国家、社会的历史。近代以来,"政党中心主义"在中国兴起、发展,最终形成当下中国"以执政党为中心、为主导"的现代化道路和理论。这一道路和理论不仅摆脱了对西方经验的依赖,而且用自己的语言"重现发现"历史,并通过实践优势、理论优势的展现,贡献于全世界与全人类。     

论马克思的社会发展理论

本文从马克思对社会发展的认识、马克思社会发展理论的内涵、马克思社会发展理论的特点三个方面探讨了马克思的社会发展理论,认为马克思的社会发展理论是建立在对社会发展过程的认识、理解和研究基础之上。马克思社会发展理论还包括建设社会主义这样一个容易被忽略的内涵。马克思社会发展理论的特点是,其一,从人类社会发展的宽阔视野阐述了社会发展过程中的两个必然和两个决裂。其二,强调党的领导和人民当家作主的统一是新社会发展的标志。     

进化论语境中的中西文化比较 --近代以来的一种文化比较模式

进化论语境中形成的中西文化比较模式,其基本特征为文化比较负载了引领社会改革和推动进化的使命,具有选择进化目标、路径的价值;运用二元对立的话语模式,形成鲜明的中西文化对照,也造成一系列的偏差;由中西文化比较指向文化综合,开启新的路向.中西文化比较是近代思想启蒙的重要形式,具有复杂的历史作用,并影响到当代人的思想观念.     

政务公开政策的法理基础

20世纪末 ,中国共产党提出的“依法治国”的基本治国方略被载入中华人民共和国宪法 ,这是中国社会主义法制史上的一座里程碑 ,也是中国建设法治国家万里长征的第一步。在 2 1世纪的中国 ,尽管法治的道路是漫长而艰辛的 ,但“依法治国”的信念却是不能动摇的。如何从各方面加速法治的进程 ?如何处理法治与社会发展的关系 ?本刊特邀六位法学界的知名学者 ,就这一问题进行讨论。公丕祥认为 ,应该凭借自身基于本民族需要和条件的创造性行动来创设现代司法文化与制度。徐显明认为 ,2 1世纪中国法治的发展 ,将取决于我国平等权、财产权、自由权、生存权、发展权这五大权利群的整体进步与发展。卓泽渊认为 ,改革与发展、冲突与互动、和平与稳定将是影响中国法治乃至整个社会发展的重要外在因素。徐祥民认为 ,在当下中国 ,选择的法治只有经过一个演进的过程、尤其是宪法的良性运行和公民法律文化的建设 ,才能成为稳定的、良好的法治。温晓莉认为 ,实现现代法治价值 ,建立一个符合法治精神的宪法制度框架 ,并在充分肯定法治的决定性作用的前提下 ,将法治与德治、制度建设与道德建设很好地结合起来 ,是 2 1世纪中国法治建设的主题。赵正群认为 ,公民的得知权及与其相应的政府说明义务构成了政务公开政策的法理基础     

Historical development and characteristics of social work in today's China

Social work education has experienced three stages since its introduction to China in the 1920s: introduction, abolishment and reinstatement. Theoretically, there are four types of social work in China: official–educational, official–practical, voluntary–educational and voluntary–practical. In practice, all four types of social work have not necessarily been embodied in each developmental stage, and the order of their historical development is not the same as the order of their logical development; i.e. some types are lacking in some of the stages. Each type of social work has its own characteristics, which are integrated into each development stage. Today, Chinese social work faces two major interrelated tasks: the professionalisation and the institutionalisation of social work. The former refers to the development of standardisation in Chinese social work; the latter has to do with the development of the social welfare institution in general and the development of institutional welfare in particular. In general, the dramatic development in Chinese social work largely depends on the accomplishment of the two tasks.     

论周恩来中西文化观的特征

周恩来的中西文化观是他对中华民族的传统文化和外来文化进行比较、评价、选择过程中所形成的思想观点、方法和主张,是对中西文化冲突条件下中国文化应向何处去所作的科学回答。其主要特征表现为:强烈的爱国主义精神与鲜明的开放意识有机结合;广采博取的精神与辩证思想的有机结合;与时俱进的创新精神与突出的马克思主义立场的有机结合,从而决定了周恩来的中西文化观是一个博大精深的科学理论体系。深入学习并领会这一理论体系,对于我们今天推进社会主义文化大发展大繁荣,特别是正确处理传统文化和现代文化、民族文化和外来文化的关系,具有十分重要意义。     

Green social work and its implications for social development in China

Green social work has been significant in introducing new issues into environmental debates and increasing its centrality to social work practice. These have included: the mainstreaming of environmental considerations; a widening of the theoretical and practice base to ensure that social and environmental justice are considered integral to any environmental involvement by social workers; highlighting the need to think of innovative approaches to socio-economic development; and making disaster interventions core elements in the social work repertoire of knowledge, skills, capacity building and curriculum formulation. This paper considers the challenges of China’s rapid industrialisation and its implications for rural people migrating into cities, the urban populations that receive them and environmental degradation. It introduces the idea of green social work and discusses the implications of green social work for social development in China in the context of environmental crises precipitated by the country’s rapid economic development.     

Actors,legitimation and cultures of social work*

This article is based on my study of rationality and language games in social work. The study focuses on the actors of social welfare and health care. Included are the heads and social workers of public welfare and health care agencies and institutions, officials of voluntary organizations, and activists in social change-oriented action groups. The objects of this study also differ with respect of their official status, area of responsibility, and position at work. The study tries to increase the understanding of the basic rationalities which are guiding social work as part of the daily routines, and of how the actors articulate and legitimate themselves, one another and the others, i.e. clients etc. The empirical data were collected using questionnaries. The study shows that organizational affiliation and area of concern do not bring about a systematic variation in the views of the respondents. The results then indicate the existence of a specific culture, a code of social work. The actors legitimate themselves according to system rationality. The system is considered to be outside the immediate scene of social work practice, which is articulated according to life-world premises. In client-centered social work, the external controlling and administrating system rationality threatens life-world aspects by neglecting social work as a process based on involvement, dialogue and change.     

The sub-structure and subjectivity construction of social work development in China

ABSTRACT

Under the structural changes during the reform and opening-up, social work education has been re-established for 30-year in China with the efforts from different actors. It develops rapidly, and even the effects may be unbalanced. As the re-established subject and career, social work education and practice are sub-structures in nature. Their developments are affected strongly by the economic-social transformation and political system. The process is a sub-structural development. The re-establishment of social work is a process of multi-subjects construction: It is led by government policies while the government and academic groups collaborate for it. The groups of social work educators and practitioners facilitate the process. The overseas academic groups support and cooperate for it. These actors facilitate the development of social work education and profession. The social work develops the path with its characteristics. It is compatible with reform and development. The reflection on professional development is also be required.     

China: developmentalism and social security

China began its social security reform when the market-oriented economy was first promoted in the late 1970s. Initiatives have been taken to replace the employer-based labour insurance model with a largely social insurance model. However, it is a mistake to argue that China is pursuing a neo-liberal agenda in its social initiatives. Instead, the state has played a major role in the process. Based on a developmental analysis, it is argued that the direction of change is generally encouraging. The emerging social insurance programme has the following advantages: it widens coverage, facilitates economic development, seeks a minimum entitlement, fosters social integration, and enhances individual participation and responsibility. The creation of an economically and socially viable social insurance programme will support the economic development of the country in the twenty-first century.