文化哲学的合法性探究——从卡西尔的符号文化哲学说起

卡西尔文化哲学有着深厚的哲学史基础,是西方哲学人类学和文化自觉的理论产物。文化哲学作为内在于现代西方主流哲学精神当中的一种基本理智运思方式,体现了人作为具体历史存在的价值和意义,实现了哲学向人的生活世界的回归,是哲学摆脱西方近代理性形而上学的困境、实现自我拯救与超越的有效途径。

Abstract：

Cassirer’s philosophy of culture is based on profound knowledge of history of philosophy and is the theoretical product of western philosophical anthropology and cultural consciousness.Philosophy of culture,as a basic rational way of thinking innate in western modern mainstream philosophy reflects the value and significance of man as a concrete historical being and realizes the return of philosophy to the life world of man and is an effective way for philosophy to overcome the metaphysical difficulty in modern western reason and way of rescuing and transcending itself.     

卡西尔与文化哲学的进路

卡西尔是新康德主义的殿军,他的思想仍未偏离康德哲学的重心——人的问题,他通过创造性地思考和解答康德提出的问题,把＂回到康德去＂这一目标推进到了一个新层次。卡西尔把康德的先验图式转化为对符号的劳作,赋予先验图式以存在论的意义,从而把人类的自我认识看做理解和阐释人类＂创造物＂的构造原理,揭示人类的精神形式的过程。洞察神话、宗教、艺术、科学的思维和表达形式,探究其中隐藏着的人类精神得以统摄的法则是文化哲学的任务。

Abstract：

Cassirer is the last important philosopher of neo-Kantianism confronted with the problem of human,which is the core of Kant’s thoughts.His creative thinking of and answer to the question posed by Kant promotes the aim of ＂going back to Kant＂ to a higher level.Cassirer transforms Kant’s transcendental schema into the work of symbols and endows it with ontological sense,thus the self-knowing of man could be seen as the process of discovering the spiritual forms through understanding and explicating principles in the creatures of human being.The aim of philosophy of culture is to have insight into the modes,formulas and rules hidden in myth,religion,art and science.     

Hu Jintao Expositions and Innovation Theories about Prosperity and Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences

The Communist Party of China has always been paid ample attention to the development of philosophy and social sciences, and been supported to the work of philosophy and social sciences. Hu Jintao, the Chinese president and CPCCC general secretary, made a series of speech about prosperity and development of philosophy and social sciences many times. These expositions and innovation theories not only embody the concept of scientific development in the field of philosophy and social sciences, but also are valuable experience over many years. Therefore, these expositions are very important for the philosophy and social sciences.     

社会主义与后现代的乌托邦——论阿格妮丝·赫勒的后马克思主义

赫勒的后马克思主义是一种独特的理论,它一方面包含了后现代的理念,另一方面却又执著于乌托邦的建构,具体表现为对社会主义的新反思,希望在后现代的框架下建构起新的社会主义理念,我们将之称为＂后现代的乌托邦＂。后现代的乌托邦的理论基础是基本范式的转换,即由历史哲学转向历史理论,遵从市民社会的多元逻辑,并对其作出选择。

Abstract：

Heller’s theory of post-Marxism is special： it consists of post-modern ideas on the one hand,and insists on constructing a new kind of utopia on the other hand,namely,to reflect upon socialism and attempt to develop a new kind of idea of socialism in post-modern framework,which is called ＂post-modern utopia＂.The theoretical basis of ＂post-modern utopia＂ is the transformation of basic paradigm,namely,from philosophy of history to theories of history,which follows pluralistic logics of civil society and makes a choice of it.     

Abstracts of Selected Papers

As a whole, the innovation system building of philosophy and social sciences is still at a groping stage, and still exist several issues in the practice. This paper analyzes the basic frame of innovation sys- tem of philosophy and social sciences, and puts forward the policy proposal for path planning of it in the new times. The author thinks that we should build macro coordination mechanism of the innovation sys- tem, integrate functional orientation of innovative subject and perfect institutional environment of the in- novation system, and so on.     

Abstracts of Selected Papers

On the Constitute of Philosophy and Social Sciences Innovation Ability Xiong Jin Philosophy and social sciences innovation ability means promotion and development for existing theo- ry and system, which done by the subject of innovation in philosophy and social sciences, to be adapt to the needs of social era and the self - development of the theory. Philosophy and social sciences innovation can be characterized as proposal of new theories development of new methods, finding of new materials etc. Subject of innovation in philosophy and social sciences constitute singer researcher and institution （enterprise and scientific research institutes） and state （government）. So philosophy and social sci- ences innovation ability constitute knowledge transforming ability, personality and moral quality, ideolog- ical concept and consciousness as well as constitution of social system and mechanism.     

布达佩斯学派对历史哲学范式的批判

在布达佩斯学派看来,在一定意义上,现代性就是一种以宏大叙事为特征的历史哲学范式。这种历史哲学范式将时间理解为线性的,它以未来为导向因而取消了现在,具有乌托邦、末世论、救赎的内涵。布达佩斯学派对历史哲学范式的批判同时也是对现代性的批判,包含了现代性批判的若干重要主题。

Abstract：

According to Budapest School,modernity in a sense represents a paradigm of philosophy of history which is characteristic of grand narrative.The paradigm understands history as a line,emphasizes the future thus ignores the present,and has the sense of utopia,of last judgment,and of redemption.Budapest school’s critique of philosophy of history is also that of modernity,relating to some important issues of critique of modernity.     

SPECIAL ISSUE： GLOBALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY CHINESE CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION：Introduction： building contemporary Chinese culture in the context of globalization

Building contemporary Chinese culture is a very important research topic in the context of globalization. It involves almost the entire domain of philosophy, the humanities and the social sciences, coveting every aspect of life in Chinese society. The three aspects below are the most important for this task.     

Abstracts of Selected Papers

l Carrying on Achievements, Summing--up Experiences and Making New Contributions to the Prosperous Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences Li Shenming
This article sums up the splendid achievements and historical experience of philosophy and social science in order to provide historical enlightenment since the establishment of new China.     

Relationships between Township and Village: Disjuncture amidst Control——Based on Investigations in 20 Townships and Towns of 10 Provinces and Autonomous Regions

In the new organizational and institutional design of townships and villages, a village is defined as an autonomous entity and the village level organization as the administrator of public affairs of the village. However, townships and towns on one side and villages on the other have moved in op- posite directions since 1990. On the one hand, autonomous resources and organiza- tional structures have been coming into being and developing within the villages and farmers' desire to govern themselves is increasing, On the other,     

Beyond Husserl and Schütz. Hermann Schmitz and Neophenomenological Sociology

Phenomenological sociology is one of the most recognized approaches for explaining the constitution of social behaviour and the construction of social reality. To this day, phenomenological sociology usually belongs to the tradition of Edmund Husserl's transcendental phenomenology and to Alfred Schütz's mundane phenomenology, thus generally presenting itself as sociology of lifeworld, sociology of everyday life, and sociology of knowledge. In contrast to this, this paper intends to outline an alternative kind of phenomenological sociology that finds its philosophical foundation in Hermann Schmitz's “New Phenomenology”. With regards especially to Schmitz's theory of the felt body (“Leib”) and his theory of situation, the basic principles of Neophenomenological Sociology (NPS) will be introduced. Their main components are (1) felt body and affective involvement as the pre-personal apriori of sociality, (2) felt-bodily communication as the basic unit of sociality, and (3) joint situations as the socio-ontological foundation and empirical manifestation of sociality. With these specific key concepts, NPS proves itself to be a socio-theoretical approach whose foremost strength is that it can identify and properly analyse the pathic dimensions of social behaviour and social situations that social sciences tend to overlook.     

胡塞尔对科学的批判与实践维度的开启

胡塞尔对科学的理念化模式的批判是希望哲学回到曾被科学所遗忘的主体性中，他的现象学就是一种主体性哲学。这样，他的现象学本质地蕴涵着一种实践维度的开启。但基于现象学的意识的境域性的立场，这种实践维度有其难以克服的困境。依据儒家哲学的义理，可以探讨与解决这一困境。     

超越价值问题研究中的自然主义观点

价值问题研究中占统治地位的是“主客体关系”模式 ,这一模式因为将人当做和对象一样的现成的存在者 ,将人和对象一同把握为实体 ,因而将人在价值问题上提出问题的优先性划归为对象世界的事实性的关系。这种自然主义的视角对价值问题的提问是不妥当的 ,对价值问题的解答更是处在价值哲学的门槛之外。只有把价值如其所是地理解为精神现象 ,把价值哲学理解为精神现象学 ,才有可能找到真正符合马克思批判精神的价值哲学的门径。价值哲学也不是马克思哲学思想的一个分支 ,而是构成马克思整个思想得以理解的前提 ,因而价值现象学只能从本体论的角度获得说明     

The Nature of Culture. Towards a Realist Phenomenology of Material, Animal and Human Nature

In an ironic rejoinder to the postmodern politics of nature, I will adopt an anthropological perspective on culture, which is conspicuous by its absence in the latest wave of science studies, and reformulate the distinction between nature and culture as a reflexive distinction within culture that emerges with modernity. In order to countering the hypertextualism of the (de)constructivists, I will next sketch out a realist theory of nature. Combining the transcendental realism of Roy Bhaskar with the transcendental phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, I will then try to outline the contours of a realist phenomenology of the ontological regions of physical, animal and human nature. Resuming my anthropological considerations on culture, I will finish the article with a progressive account of how the opposition between regional ontologies and regional typologies could be overcome.     

学习贯彻党的十七大精神为繁荣发展哲学社会科学作贡献

党的十七大报告博大精深,实践性、科学性都很强,是马克思主义的纲领性文件。报告第七部分明确指出了哲学社会科学的发展方向,充分表明党中央对哲学社会科学工作的高度重视和对哲学社会科学工作者寄予的厚望。不断深入学习和研究十七大报告提出的历史经验、理论观点、战略举措以及主要问题和矛盾,已经成为我们哲学社会科学工作者义不容辞的责任。     

全面贯彻"三个代表"重要思想繁荣和发展哲学社会科学事业

当前要深刻认识和高度重视哲学社会科学的重要地位和作用。“三个代表”重要思想是衡量我国哲学社会科学性质、方向和水平的根本尺度。用“三个代表”重要思想统领哲学社会科学工作 ,必须坚持理论创新 ,在马克思主义中国化、时代化上下功夫 ,用发展着的马克思主义指导新的实践 ;必须坚持先进性 ,在代表“发展要求”和“前进方向”上下功夫 ,使理论研究始终走在时代潮流的前头 ;必须坚持围绕中心、服务大局 ,在落实党执政兴国的第一要务上下功夫 ,全力推动经济社会的发展 ;必须坚持牢记宗旨 ,在代表根本利益上下功夫 ,把科学回答广大干部群众关心的重大理论和现实问题作为哲学社会科学研究的出发点和落脚点 ;必须坚持面向社会、推动普及 ,在促进领导干部掌握基本知识、增强执政能力上下功夫 ;必须坚持贯穿全部、统筹全局 ,在全部哲学社会科学工作中充分体现“三个代表”重要思想。坚持用“三个代表”重要思想统领哲学社会科学工作 ,必须牢牢把握四个突出 :突出现实 ,贴紧要务 ;突出重点 ,破解难题 ;突出优长 ,打造精品 ;突出创新 ,繁荣学术 ,在理论创新中推进哲学社会科学的繁荣和发展。     

生存论转向与当代生存哲学研究

当代哲学正在发生一场存在论转变 ,这就是从传统哲学的超验的、抽象的实体存在论到感性的、实践的生存论存在论的转变。生存论转向肇端于生存 (主义 )哲学 ,但其深远的意义却远未彰显出来。当代生存哲学研究的切入点在于结合马克思实践人学思想以及发展观念的时代变革从而推进生存论转向     

哲学社会科学创新的评价方式论

对于哲学社会科学创新的评价而言,从不同的视角和原则出发可以导致不同的评价方式。但是无论何种评价方式,都是对哲学社会科学创新的成果做出恰如其分、符合实际的价值判断。根据对哲学社会科学创新成果进行评价主体的不同可以区分为专家同行、政府机构和公众舆论的评价。不同评价主体的评价方式在理论和实践上有其必要性和合理性,也各自存在着的一些相关问题。     

论中国哲学社会科学创新的诉求与取向

国家十二五规划提出,要＂推进学科体系、学术观点、科研方法创新,大力推进哲学社会科学创新体系建设,实施哲学社会科学创新工程,繁荣发展哲学社会科学＂,国家首次设立＂哲学社会科学创新工程＂,使哲学社会科学创新开始上升到国家战略层面,这不仅是时代赋予中国哲学社会科学工作者的全新使命,更是社会发展的客观要求。因此,解放思想、解放话语权,明确哲学社会科学的创新目标,明晰哲学社会科学的创新理念,探索哲学社会科学的创新途径,是中国哲学社会科学创新的重要诉求和基本取向,是当下中国哲学社会科学创新首当其冲的要务。     

论哲学社会科学创新能力的构成

哲学社会科学创新能力是指哲学社会科学创新主体为适应社会时代需要和理论自身发展的需要,对已有哲学社会科学理论与体系的推进和发展,主要表征为提出新理论、发展新方法、发现新材料和完善既有理论等。哲学社会科学创新主体由单个哲学社会科学工作者和机构（企业和科研单位）和国家（政府）构成,所以哲学社会科学创新能力的构成主要由创新主体取得创新理论成就的知识转化能力、人格品性素质、思想观念意识以及社会体制机制构成。