高龄老人心理状况与健康长寿关系研究

文章根据2000年中国高龄老人健康长寿调查数据,从认知能力和心理状态方面对高龄老人的心理状况进行实证分析。由数据看出,中国高龄老人的心理健康状况较好,并随年龄的增加呈下降趋势,认知能力的下降幅度远大于心理状态下降的幅度;城乡高龄老人的心理健康状况有所差异,城镇好于乡村;女性高龄老人的心理健康状况不如男性高龄老人;教育和婚姻都有助于心理健康;高龄老人的心理健康状况与他们对自己的生活和健康状况的自评显著相关。     

上海市高龄老人生活质量及其社会政策支持

本文利用上海市老龄科研中心1999年进行的"中美高龄老人比较研究调查"的数据资料,对上海市高龄老人的生活现状进行了多因素分析,研究了高龄老人生活满意度与其文化程度、经济状况、健康状况和邻里熟识程度的关系,并对上海市目前高龄老人的政策支持状况进行了分析.     

代际支持对高龄老人身心健康状况的影响研究

文章利用"中国高龄老人健康长寿调查"的数据,研究子女的代际支持行为对高龄老人的生理及心理健康的影响。结果表明,代际支持对高龄老人的生活自理能力水平和心理状况都有显著影响,对生活自理能力的影响主要是通过日常照料和经济支持进行的,而感情交流在对心理状况的影响中发挥着重要作用。儿子的代际支持在维持改善高龄老人的生活自理能力和心理状况方面尤为重要。     

女性独居老人自评生活满意度的影响因素分析

文章利用2002年中国高龄老人健康长寿状况调查数据,从中选取女性独居老人,运用因子分析和Logistic回归等方法分析讨论了影响女性独居老人生活满意度的因素。分析结果表明,在众多影响独居老年女性生活满意度的因素中,心理因素和经济因素的作用最直接。生理因素和人口因素对生活满意度的影响通过心理因素体现,而社会因素对生活满意度的影响在一定程度上与心理因素相关。     

我国高龄老人照料资源分布及照料满足感研究

高龄老人是一个对照料需求更高的群体,目前,高龄老人的照料完全满足感并不高。在居家养老建设不断加快的背景下,高龄老人的照料资源仍然集中在家庭内部,他们对社会服务的利用率极低;高龄老人的年龄、健康状况、经济状况、所在城乡以及照料者类别及其意愿对照料满足感的影响较大。政府及社会在提升高龄老人照料满足感的过程中,要科学规划居家养老服务,关注贫困、认知能力差和空巢高龄老人群体,重视家庭代际和谐建设,加快专业社工队伍发展,加强国际交流。     

京津沪渝高龄老人生活质量现状及影响因素分析

文章利用2000年全国高龄老人健康状况调查的部分数据,分别从物质生活水平、健康水平、文化水平及生活满意度等方面对中国4个直辖市1199名高龄老人的生活质量进行比较,并利用Logistic回归对影响生活质量的因素进行探讨。     

高龄老人基本躯体功能状况分析

文章考察了高龄老人的基本躯体功能的现状,分析了与高龄老人所患疾病的关系以及对日常生活自理能力、日常及社会活动和健康自评的影响。发现多数高龄老人基本躯体功能状况良好。由增龄而引起的衰老是影响高龄老人基本躯体功能的一个重要因素;慢性病直接影响着高龄老人的基本躯体功能状况;基本躯体功能受损严重影响着高龄老人的生活自理能力和生活质量。文章最后对高龄老人躯体功能维护提出了一些建议。     

高龄老人的认知功能和心理健康

本研究以毕生发展的观点,系统探讨高龄老人的认知功能和心理健康状况.表明老化过程中年龄差异和个体差异明显,认知功能可塑性和储备能量依然存存,是健康老龄化的重要心理基础.高龄老人心智功能明显减退,需给予更多照料和精神慰藉.     

2000-2005年高龄老人生活满意度的变化分析

本文利用2000年和2005年高龄老人长寿健康调查的追踪数据,对高龄老人的生活满意度进行了两次调查的对比分析和同批人比较。对比分析发现,2005年高龄老人的生活满意度较2000年有所下降;而同批人分析表明,尽管整体上看高龄老人的生活满意度在五年间有所下降,但其内在的各种不同纬度变化却体现出生活满意度的积极变化趋势。     

中国城乡高龄老人健康及死亡状况特征的比较研究

本文利用高龄老人健康长寿调查及国家公布的有关资料对中国城乡高龄老人健康和死亡特征进行了比较研究.揭示了高龄老人的健康状况具有随年龄增加而自理能力下降、认知能力衰退、多病的特点.分析了城乡高龄老人健康状况的差别.     

中国高龄老人就医及时性状况研究

基于 1 998年中国高龄老人健康长寿调查数据 ,对中国高龄老人患病能否得到及时医治的状况进行了分析。结果表明 ,高龄老人调查当时若患病 ,只有 3 7%左右的高龄老人不能得到及时医治 ;农村 (4 2 % )该比例略高于城镇 (3 0 % ) ;患病得不到及时就医的群体比较固定。LOGISTIC回归还揭示患病由家庭成员提供照料服务的高龄老人比由社会提供照料服务的高龄老人得不到及时医治的可能性小 ,与患病不能及时医治的高龄老人相比 ,患病能得到及时医治的高龄老人健康自评好的比例高 ,完全自理的比例高 ,认知健全比例高 ,疾病对日常生活妨碍比例小 ,隶属健康纯类的可能性大 ,其后死亡的可能性小 ,健康存活的可能性大。说明患病得到及时治疗对高龄老人晚年健康促进和生存具有一定的影响。     

Quality of life in Thailand

Quality of life is an increasingly important issue in developing countries in general and in Thailand in particular. This study investigates mainly the level of satisfaction of Thais with their lives in general and with various aspects/domains of their lives. Based on the sample of Thais living in Bangkok Metropolitan area, the results of this study reveal that Thais are somewhat pleased with their lives in general and tend to be more satisfied with personal domains of life rather than environmental domains of life. It is also found that two significant contributors to Thais' quality of life are economic well-being and better education.     

Cross cultural comparisons of quality of life of Thais and Americans

Comparisons of quality of life (QOL) measures across cultures of countries in different stages of economic development have been very scarce. This study attempts to fill the void in the literature by investigating the level of overall life satisfaction and satisfaction with various domains of lives of Thais and Americans. Additionally, the relationships between satisfaction with domains of life and overall life satisfaction in each culture have been explored. The results of this study indicate that Thais are less satisfied with their lives in general and most of the domains of their lives than Americans. However, both Thais and Americans tend to be more satisfied with their personal domains of lives than environmental domains of lives. In addition, satisfaction with material possessions is found to contribute significantly to overall life satisfaction of Thais but not Americans. This suggests that material wealth or economic development is still a vital mechanism for enhancing QOL of people in Thailand, but is not important for enhancing QOL of people in the U.S.     

Subjective Quality of Life of Young Europeans. Feeling Happy but who Knows why?

Latest developments in modern societies have altered living circumstances. Upcoming insecurities concerning employment and family relationships make life more and more incalculable. Especially young adults throughout the modern world are forced to rethink their life concepts and to desist from the lives of former generations. As difficulties to achieve a successful life increase, one could assume that the young are confronted with the impossibility of feeling happy and satisfied with their lives anymore. Yet, latest social surveys prove wrong. Although increasing unemployment, lower net income and single parenthood make life more difficult for the young, they still enjoy very high subjective quality of life in comparison to the older population. Throughout the paper I argue that it is not the objective conditions that make young adults (15–29 years old) feel overwhelmingly happy. Looking for other sources of explanation of high quality of life among people aged 29 or below, I argue for indicators of social embeddedness as being influential on their assessment of life. But again, the proportion of explained variance is smaller compared to older people. With the help of empirical data taken from the European Social Survey I highlight the differences in life circumstances between the young and the total population. Concerning occupation, habitation (kind of inhabited household) and financial situation, most of the young live under different situations compared to the adult world. But surprisingly, the rates of perceived high quality of life among the young do not vary to such a large extent as among the adults. I show that young adults, often damned to fail social demands because of their withdrawal from social life, are still the most happy in modern (more and more individualizing?) societies. But it gets more difficult to account for the reasons of their happiness.     

Sociodemographic and Health Profiles of the Oldest Old In China

Unique data from a 1998 healthy longevity baseline survey provide demographic, socio‐economic, and health characteristics of the oldest old, aged 80–105, in China. This subpopu‐lation is growing rapidly and is likely to need extensive social and health services. A large majority of Chinese oldest old live with their children and rely mainly on children for financial support and care. Most Chinese oldest old had no or very little education. Ability to function independently in daily living declines rapidly and self‐rated health declines moderately across the oldest old ages. As compared to their urban counterparts, the rural oldest old have far less pension support, are significantly less educated, and are more likely to be widowed and to rely on children for support. Apart from higher rates of survival, the female oldest old in China are far more disadvantaged than the male oldest old.     

Experiences of Purpose in Life When Becoming and Being a Very Old Woman

The aim of the study was to illuminate how very old women describe their experiences of purpose in life (PIL) in narratives about becoming and being very old. The participants comprised 30 women selected from 120 women who had answered the PIL test and had been interviewed about their experiences of being very old. The interviews were analyzed with qualitative content analysis, which revealed four themes: having a positive view of life, living in relation to God, having meaningful activities, and simply existing. Our findings show that very old women experience purpose in life both in their daily activities and in their contact with a spiritual world. It seems to be facilitated by a positive view of life. Although the results were dominated by a positive view of life, some of the participants saw their lives in terms of simply existing, and did not experience purpose in life.     

Work status and the quality of life

The general thesis from which this paper derived is that objective conditions are related to perceptions and evaluations of those conditions, but that such relationships are mediated by personal characteristics such as expectation and aspiration levels, and other motivational factors. The specific relationship examined is that between work status and overall life satisfaction among women. Although there is little difference in average levels of life satisfaction expressed by housewives and by women working outside the home, substantial differences emerge when women are distinguished by their motivation with respect to paid work: among women who want jobs, working women are more satisfied with their lives than are housewives; while among those who would prefer not to work, housewives are more satisfied. Evidence is also found in support of a hypothesis that work tends to be less central to the overall quality of women's lives than is true for men.     

Making the Best of a Bad Situation: Satisfaction in the Slums of Calcutta

Eighty three people in the slums of Calcutta,India were interviewed, and responded toseveral measures of subjective well-being. Therespondents came from one of three groups:Those living in slum housing, sex workers(prostitutes) residing in brothels, andhomeless individuals living on the streets.They responded to questions about lifesatisfaction and satisfaction with various lifedomains, as well as to a memory recall measureof good and bad events in their lives. Whilethe mean rating of general life satisfactionwas slightly negative, the mean ratings ofsatisfaction with specific domains werepositive. The conclusion is that the slumdwellers of Calcutta generally experience alower sense of life satisfaction than moreaffluent comparison groups, but are moresatisfied than one might expect. This could bedue, in part, to the strong emphasis on socialrelationships and the satisfaction derived fromthem.     

Quality of Life in Jasper,Alberta

This paper describes and explains citizen beliefs andattitudes about the quality of life in Jasper, Albertain the summer of 1997. We report on 447 surveyrespondents' satisfaction with a wide variety ofaspects of their community and their lives, the bestand worst things about living in Jasper, and thethings they would change first to improve the qualityof their lives. There was not much enthusiasm foruse-fees or the value received from tax dollars.Fifteen new indices of satisfaction with fundamentalaspects of people's lives were created. Happiness,life satisfaction and overall satisfaction with thequality of life were explained from a limited set of14 variables, providing comparisons with results fromseven other surveys taken over nearly 20 years.Finally, we used a simple linear model to account for63% of the variance in life satisfaction scores, 44%of the variance in satisfaction with the quality oflife scores and 37% of the variance in happinessscores.     

Life Satisfaction Among University Students in a Canadian Prairie City: a Multivariate Analysis

This article reports the findings from a questionnaire survey of university students’ life satisfaction in Regina. The results demonstrated that a significant proportion of the 315 respondents were satisfied with their lives (N = 240, 76.2%). With regard to degree of satisfaction with different aspects of life, respondents expressed that they were most satisfied with relationship with mother, living environment, relationships with close friends, relationships with siblings, and living arrangement. Multiple ordinary least-squares regression analyses revealed that respondents who indicated a higher socio-economic status, achieveda higher grade point average, and were more satisfied with their academic experience, self-esteem, relationship with significant other, and living conditions, expressed a markedly higher level of satisfaction with life.