首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
This study explores the relationship between health, quality of care of geriatric case management and quality of life for the purpose of furthering the understanding of the relationship between quality of life and geriatric case management. Using survey data from a group of frail older adults, this study assesses the relative merit of two mediation hypotheses: one considering health as a mediator for quality of care of geriatric case management and quality of life, and the other considering quality of care of geriatric case management as a mediator for health and quality of life. The study findings show that quality of care of geriatric case management, measured by client satisfaction, was not a mediator between health and quality of life (measured by life satisfaction). There was a significant positive association between quality of care of geriatric case management and quality of life. Although the significant association between quality of care of geriatric case management and quality of life could not be mediated by either self-rated health or self-reported physical activity levels, it was completely mediated by health satisfaction. These findings provided preliminary empirical evidence to support a significant relationship between quality of care of geriatric case management and quality of life.  相似文献   

2.
"The article presents an attempt to make a quantitative evaluation of the impact of the environment on the rate of mortality, focusing on the group of stress-bearing factors that, according to some hypotheses, make up the set of potential, indirect determinants in the process of mortality. According to these opinions, the environment can be a source of different forms of stress. One stressor can be the social and economic status of individuals, being the function of the economic development of the region, another the instability of the social situation in the region. Both types of stress sources seem to be particularly adequate in the evaluation of the impact of this type of factor on the process of mortality in Poland in the period of system transformation."  相似文献   

3.
Compared to other factors, the role of the age distribution of the population as a key endogenous determinant of economic growth trajectories has traditionally been overlooked. This is unrealistic, especially when dealing with major epochs of structural change, such as demographic transitions. We set up a model combining a simple representation of the economy, based on the neoclassical growth model of Solow, with a comprehensive representation of population dynamics. The model is used to investigate the structure of balanced growth states of the population and the economy in the presence of demographic transitions. The analysis shows that proper inclusion of age structure enriches the spectrum of the long-run equilibria of the neoclassical model, allowing up to five states of balanced growth, and shows the onset of “poverty” and “low-fertility” traps as different facets of fertility transitions. The role of different timing of fertility, mortality and savings transitions, and of more realistic demography of capital, is also considered.  相似文献   

4.
Summary To express the degree of hunger during both of feeding and unfeeding periods of spiders, equations for the amount of ingestion and food disappearance from the gut were presented using three components: capacity of gut, rate of ingestion and rate of food disappearance. The degree of hunger was expressed by the rate of unfilled capacity of gut to the capacity of gut based on these equations. The rates of ingestion and food disappearance were estimated from the results of experiment with a wolf spider,Pardosa laura. The equations obtained well applied to the experimental result. By changing values of these rates, it was revealed that the ratio of rates of ingestion to food disappearance determine the amount of ingestion.  相似文献   

5.
伴随上海市人口老龄化的逐步发展 ,会引起劳动适龄人口规模和人口年龄结构的变化。从而对社会经济发展构成直接影响。随着人口老龄化过程的推进 ,劳动适龄人口规模趋于缩小 ,其年龄结构趋于老化 ,由此造成劳动力短缺问题、劳动力负担沉重问题、劳动力老化问题。对政府储蓄总量 ,近期会增加 ,远期则会削弱其增长趋势 ,对个人储蓄 ,近期和远期都将增加  相似文献   

6.
Summary An epidemiological system model was developed to evaluate the role of factors which were responsible for the prevalence of rice dwarf virus (RDV) transmitted by the green rice leafhopper,Nephotettix cincticeps. Simulation tests were conducted by varying values of the following three parameters: the vector density, the coefficient of the efficiency of feeding acquisition of RDV of the vector, and that of efficiency of RDV transmission by the vector. The effect of each parameter was assessed in terms of changes in percentages of infected insects and of infected rice hills. Both the percentages of infected insects and of infected rice hills increased rapidly with increasing vector density within a range of low vector density. The former increased linearly when the acquisitive coefficient was increased. But the percentage of infected rice hills was affected to a lesser extent. The percentage of infected insects and that of infected rice hills increased exponentially with increasing values of the transmission coefficient. The results obtained from the simulation tests were discussed in relation to the ecological factors which caused the recent prevalence of RDV. A part of this research was supported by science research fund from the Ministry of Education.  相似文献   

7.
As a critical modification of Parsons voluntaristic theory of action as well as of the theories of rational choice, this contribution suggests Max Weber’s concept of “responsibility” or “responsible action” as an enclosing model of action rationality, integrating both individual freedom of choice as well as over-individual categorical values. This systematical benefit of the concept of “responsibility” is especially due to the idea of a “value discussion”. This dialogical enlargement of rationality includes a modern theory of validity essentially needed to save the rationality of categorical values and to allow the equality of value-rational orientations next to questions of utility. This being said, responsibility can be presented as a basic concept of sociology, containing the key to an integrative social theory based on methodological individualism.  相似文献   

8.
The paper focuses theoretically and methodologically on the analysis of narrative constructions of gender from the perspective of sociology of science. It contributes to discussions about extending discourse analytical perspectives by impulses from theories of social practice. Thus it suggests analyzing scientific narratives as routinized ??strategic fictions?? in the context of gendered boundary work. Additionally, it draws on recent discussions on the concept of ??hegemonic masculinity?? as a generative principle and asks theoretically about practices in the course of which multiple, complex and context-specific versions of hegemonic masculinity are drafted as the outcome of discursive struggles and also of the competition among men. The empirical analysis thus reconstructs narrative practices of symbolically distinguishing and situating gendered actors in the social field of science. This is illustrated at the example of the professionalization of modern German engineering in the time period from the 1870ies until the turn of the century. In their writings engineering scholars initially composed the ??scientist of machinery?? as the symbolically neutralized position of objectivity by following a narrative of progress. Later the engineer as the ??man of action?? displaced the former concept by now stressing a narrative of a prehistorical origin of technological man whose competence is a gift of the nature of his sex. Both narratives are interpreted as an, in each case, specific mode of masculinity construction in order to struggle for a dominant position not only with respect to women but also to other social groups of men.  相似文献   

9.
The life span of individuals and the life expectancy of the populations they comprise have always been topics of interest to scientists and the lay population. In modern times, forecasts of life span and life expectancy have become particularly important public policy issues because of their influence on the future solvency of age‐entitlement programs. The authors present a brief discussion of the origin of the notion of life span, discuss its relevance and importance in light of recent developments in the emerging field of the biodemography of aging, and explore the theoretical and biological forces that influence the duration of life of sexually reproducing species.  相似文献   

10.
Summary An wolf spider,Lycosa pseudoannulata, collected from the field were reared in test tubes supplied with fruit flies as the food, and the number and weight of fruit flies killed per unit time and the weight of residuum of killed flies were recorded. When the cumulative number of flies killed by a spider was plotted against time after the beginning of food supply, the angle of the curve obtained decreased gradually until a constant value. In this time, it seems that the gut of spider had saturated with food and the increase rate of number of flies killed reflects the rate of food disappeared from gut by assimilation and egestion. The amount of ingestion was obtained by subtracting the weight of residuum and the gain of live weight of the spider from the weight of killed flies. After the gut has saturated, the amount of food remained in the gut is considered to be equal to the capacity of gut, which is an essential factor in the study of predation. The amount of food disappearance from gut was also estimated. There was a linear relationship between the log body weight of spiders and the log capacity of gut. The linear relationship was also seen between the log total amount of ingestion and the log total amount of food disappeared from gut.  相似文献   

11.
Leaning on the formal faceted definition of wellbeing (Levy and Guttman (1975) Social Indicators Research, 2, 361–388), a mapping sentence is provided for defining the universe of observations of the wellbeing of the self-expanding on personality aspects. The structure of the interrelationships among the variables of the expanded conceptualization of self’s personality is examined by the use of the SSA technique. The sample consists of 176 adult residents (20 years of age and over) from all parts of the city of Jerusalem, Israel. Results further verify the circular structure (radex) of personal wellbeing. The state of wellbeing-versus- wellbeing in the sense of possession of resources partition the space into two concentric belts, while the life domains of wellbeing play a polarizing role in partitioning the space into wedglike regions emanating from a common origin. Self’s personality domains-versus-self’s social environment domains serve as a rationale for the circular order. The expanded conceptualization of personal wellbeing enhance the earlier conceptualization of the 1975 study and makes possible the development of the theory of the structure of the wellbeing of the self in a systematic cumulative fashion.  相似文献   

12.
Methods are presented which produce Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) of the degree of heterogeneity in individual mortality risks under a variety of assumptions about the age trajectory of those mortality risks. With these estimates of the degree of population heterogeneity it is possible to adjust comparisons of mortality risks across populations for the effects of population heterogeneity, differential mortality selection, and different age trajectories of the force of mortality. These methods are demonstrated by applying a variety of standard assumptions about the age trajectory of the force of mortality to the analysis of a broad range of cohort mortality data for the U.S. and Swedish populations. The estimates of the degree of heterogeneity, produced under all of the selected force of mortality models, consistently indicated a considerable degree of heterogeneity in mortality risks.  相似文献   

13.
中国人力资本空间分布差异的度量与分解   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
曹方 《西北人口》2008,29(4):7-11
教育是人力资本形成的重要途径,本文在研究中国人力资本空间分布差异时,用平均受教育年限这一指标来表示人力资本的状况.并且运用了三种衡量人力资本空间分布差异的统计指数估算了我国人力资本空间分布的差异状况。通过对统计指数的分解.发现组内人力资本分布差异对人力资本空间分布总差异的贡献率远大于组间人力资本分布差异的贡献率;通过建立模型回归分析。发现省际间的教育经费差异对人力资本空间分布总差异的影响并不显著。这些结论对于我国今后人力资本政策的合理调整和科学规划有重要意义。  相似文献   

14.
基于2013年我国七个大城市“流动人口管理和服务对策研究”调查数据,使用OLS回归和分位数回归方法,实证分析了职业流动、人力资本对流动人口收入影响及其代际差异。结果显示:一是人力资本对流动人口收入水平有着显著正向影响。但人力资本对两代流动人口的收入影响不同,其中受教育年限、现职业工作年限对新生代流动人口收入的促进更大,在外务工年限对第一代流动人口收入的促进作用更大。二是职业流动与第二代流动人口的收入呈现显著相关性,然而并非线性的影响,而是呈现倒U型非线性模式;但职业流动对第一代流动人口收入影响不显著。文章最后结合研究得出的观点和结论,探讨了本项研究的政策启示。  相似文献   

15.
论人口素质在和谐社会发展中的作用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
人口素质是社会历史发展的产物,它与社会的全面进步相联系,又给社会的全面发展以巨大的推动作用。和谐社会的发展离不开人口素质的提高。充分认识人口素质在和谐社会中的主导作用,将利于和谐社会的全面发展。人口素质的作用,可以概括为五个方面:人口科学文化素质有利于社会整体水平的提高,加速和谐社会的发展;人口政治素质能够调节社会矛盾,促进和谐社会的发展;人口身体素质能够推动经济进步,有助于和谐社会的发展;人口综合素质能够创造良好的人口环境,有利于和谐社会的发展;提高人口素质观的认识,确保和谐社会的发展。  相似文献   

16.
甘肃老年人才资源开发的分析及对策建议   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
马竹书 《西北人口》2008,29(3):125-128
在当前老龄化社会和甘肃人才资源紧缺的情况下,充分开发利用老年人才资源不失为一种快速、实效的好方法。本文针对甘肃省人才的现状,通过对甘肃老年人才资源开发利用的必要性进行分析,提出了相应的开发思路和对策。  相似文献   

17.
In this paper we examine the relative importance of a number of demographic determinants of infant and early child mortality using information from 39 World Fertility Survey countries. We include sex of the child, age of the mother at the time of the birth, birth order, mother's educational level and a number of indicators of spacing of adjacent births among the correlates of chances of survival for children below the age of five years. Mortality of firstborn children and of those born to teenage mothers is shown to be higher than average; that of later children and those of older mothers was not much higher than average, once other factors are controlled. Effects of poor birth-spacing persist even after other factors have been controlled, and are similar where a sib was born during the two years preceding the birth of the child, regardless of the survival status of that sib; however, mortality was higher when that sib had died, due to increased familial risks of mortality. Rapid subsequent births also raise mortality for their earlier sibs. The findings are generally remarkably consistent in a wide range of countries and associated mortality conditions, although attention is drawn to a few interesting geographically clustered exceptions which deserve further investigation. The study leaves little room for doubt that poor child-spacing is clearly linked to decreased survival chances.  相似文献   

18.
人力资本配置问题的研究意义探讨   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
人力资本对经济发展的推动作用取决于人力资本的存量及有效配置 ,我国是一个人力资本存量相对匮乏的国家 ,实现人力资本的有效配置 ,提高人力资本的利用率尤为重要。本文综述了国内外对人力资本配置问题的研究现状 ,概括了人力资本的有效配置对我国的经济发展、就业、产业结构调整、区域均衡发展等的重要意义  相似文献   

19.
The actual behaviour of groups of persons yields post factum objective data of the extent to which they availed themselves of the opportunities open to them. It is shown that after having accounted for the influence of selected factors, statistical measures of the realized freedom displayed by the group can be derived from the data, and that these measures may legitimately be interpreted as indices of the freedom of the average person. The problems of social mobility are particularly suited for this novel type of analysis, and the method is demonstrated by application to the choice of occupation of a group of Stockholm-born young men.  相似文献   

20.
基于要素密集度与受教育程度分别给出了考查制造业结构与劳动力素质结构的方法,测算并分析了2006~2010年全国、东部、中部和西部地区制造业结构与劳动力素质结构变动状况。在合理选择测度方法的基础上,对上述地区制造业结构与劳动力素质结构的吻合度进行了测算。结果表明,全国范围东部和西部地区制造业结构与劳动力素质结构的吻合度是逐步提高的。从制造业结构与劳动力素质结构是否吻合的视角,分析讨论了"民工荒"、"技工荒"与大学生就业难问题产生的原因,提出了促进制造业转型升级和推动职业教育与高等教育改革发展的相关对策建议。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号